Zuaiter Aya, Kaufman-Shriqui Vered, Zuaiter Samir, Bitar Dima, Zuaiter Lina, Manor Orly, Paltiel Ora, Lahad Amnon
Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
Department of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 4076405, Israel.
Nutrients. 2025 May 23;17(11):1777. doi: 10.3390/nu17111777.
Prediabetes, a precursor state to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), is characterized by elevated glucose levels that are not yet in the diabetic range. It is often associated with comorbidities such as obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, driven by unhealthy lifestyle factors. This study aims to assess the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and anthropometric measures, such as body mass index and waist circumference, in Arab adults with prediabetes, considering other lifestyle patterns, including smoking, socioeconomic status, and physical activity.
We performed baseline data analysis among a sample of prediabetic participants of a clinical trial aimed at improving physical activity and healthy lifestyle behaviors. Patients were recruited from the Sheikh Jarrah Clalit Health Services clinic in East Jerusalem. Eligible participants were identified via medical record review and invited by their primary physician. After providing informed consent, participants completed interviewer-administered questionnaires covering sociodemographic data, physical activity, and dietary habits. Physical measurements, including height, weight, and waist circumference, were taken using standardized protocols. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed using the locally adapted Israeli Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (I-MEDAS).
A total of 172 prediabetic adults aged 40-69.9 years were recruited. The majority of participants exhibited high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, with 80.2% achieving a high adherence score. However, no significant associations were found between Mediterranean diet adherence and BMI or waist circumference. Active smokers were 70.6% less likely to adhere to the Mediterranean diet compared to nonsmokers, and participants with equal-to-average income had lower odds of adhering to the diet compared to those with below-average income.
These findings underscore the need for tailored public health strategies that address local cultural, economic, and environmental factors influencing dietary habits. Improving adherence to the Mediterranean diet in this population will require a multifaceted approach, with further research needed to understand the complex relationship between diet, lifestyle, and chronic disease prevention.
糖尿病前期是2型糖尿病（T2DM）的前驱状态，其特征是血糖水平升高，但尚未达到糖尿病范围。它通常与肥胖、高血压和血脂异常等合并症相关，这些合并症由不健康的生活方式因素驱动。本研究旨在评估患有糖尿病前期的阿拉伯成年人中，坚持地中海饮食与人体测量指标（如体重指数和腰围）之间的关系，同时考虑其他生活方式模式，包括吸烟、社会经济地位和身体活动。
我们对一项旨在改善身体活动和健康生活方式行为的临床试验中的糖尿病前期参与者样本进行了基线数据分析。患者从东耶路撒冷的谢赫贾拉克拉利特健康服务诊所招募。通过病历审查确定符合条件的参与者，并由他们的初级医生邀请。在提供知情同意后，参与者完成了由访谈者管理的问卷，内容涵盖社会人口统计学数据、身体活动和饮食习惯。使用标准化方案进行身体测量，包括身高、体重和腰围。使用当地改编的以色列地中海饮食依从性筛查工具（I-MEDAS）评估对地中海饮食的依从性。
共招募了172名年龄在40 - 69.9岁的糖尿病前期成年人。大多数参与者对地中海饮食表现出高度依从性，80.2%的人获得了高依从性评分。然而，在地中海饮食依从性与体重指数或腰围之间未发现显著关联。与不吸烟者相比，积极吸烟者坚持地中海饮食的可能性低70.6%，与收入低于平均水平的参与者相比，收入等于平均水平的参与者坚持该饮食的几率较低。
这些发现强调了需要制定针对性的公共卫生策略，以解决影响饮食习惯的当地文化、经济和环境因素。在这一人群中提高对地中海饮食的依从性将需要多方面的方法，需要进一步研究以了解饮食、生活方式和慢性病预防之间的复杂关系。
