Integrating Proteomics into Personalized Medicine for Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Reality or Challenge?

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) represent chronic conditions with etiopathogenic mechanisms incompletely elucidated despite extensive research efforts. Therefore, it is essential for clinical monitoring of the implementation of personalized medicine, enabling risk stratification and the selection of therapies with the highest likelihood of a favorable response. Multi-omics approaches have emerged as an excellent opportunity for the prevention, clinical phenotype differentiation, and prediction of IBD development. Proteomics has gained significant enthusiasm in medical practice, primarily due to its focus on studying the composition and dynamic expression of various cellular and tissue structures. This approach provides critical insights into their impact on signaling pathways, post-translational modifications, and the development of sequence variations. Hence, it could provide the foundation for developing biomarkers with the potential to assess mucosal healing and predict prognostic variability among patients, facilitating the implementation of a personalized therapeutic approach. This review focuses on the recent research regarding the possibility of implementing proteomics technologies into clinical practice, given the challenges and limitations, and the advantages of increasing the quality of life in patients with IBD.