Craciun Georgiana, Kane Aimee A, Pike Jacqueline C
Palumbo-Donahue School of Business, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, PA 15282, USA.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 May 28;13(11):1279. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13111279.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for digital tools that support public health decision-making and behavior change. Dashboards became a primary method for communicating infectious disease data. However, their influence on preventive health behaviors (PHBs) is not well understood-especially among young adults. This group is less likely to adhere to PHBs, but highly familiar with online tools. Two experimental studies were conducted with young adult participants (200 in Study 1, 228 in Study 2) who viewed the same COVID-19 data in dashboards with or without actionable components. Participants were randomly assigned to different dashboard conditions to measure, on seven-point Likert scales, their PHB intentions and perceptions of behavioral control, attitudes, norms, and risk. The actionable dashboard interventions, designed using the theory of planned behavior, included dynamic behavioral guidance and risk level visualizations. Actionable dashboards versus basic dashboards significantly increased PHB intentions ( = 0.84, < 0.001, Study 1). Dynamic behavioral guidance was the key dashboard component influencing PHB intentions ( = 0.61, = 0.005, Study 2). Parallel mediation analysis testing norms, attitudes, behavioral control, and perceived risk against one another found that only norms explained the link between the dashboard intervention and PHB intentions (B = 0.18 and 0.19). Findings suggest that actionable dashboards can effectively promote PHB by influencing psychosocial beliefs. These dashboards provide context and guidance, making risky situations more manageable and directing individuals to appropriate preventive actions. Public health professionals should consider incorporating behavioral guidance into community health dashboards to improve their effectiveness.
新冠疫情凸显了对支持公共卫生决策和行为改变的数字工具的需求。仪表板成为传达传染病数据的主要方式。然而，其对预防性健康行为（PHB）的影响尚不清楚，尤其是在年轻人中。这一群体不太可能坚持预防性健康行为，但对在线工具非常熟悉。对年轻成年参与者（研究1中有200人，研究2中有228人）进行了两项实验研究，这些参与者在有或没有可操作组件的仪表板中查看相同的新冠数据。参与者被随机分配到不同的仪表板条件下，用七点李克特量表测量他们的预防性健康行为意图以及对行为控制、态度、规范和风险的认知。使用计划行为理论设计的可操作仪表板干预措施包括动态行为指导和风险水平可视化。与基本仪表板相比，可操作仪表板显著提高了预防性健康行为意图（研究1中β = 0.84，p < 0.001）。动态行为指导是影响预防性健康行为意图的关键仪表板组件（研究2中β = 0.61，p = 0.005）。对规范、态度、行为控制和感知风险进行相互比较的平行中介分析发现，只有规范解释了仪表板干预与预防性健康行为意图之间的联系（B = 0.18和0.19）。研究结果表明，可操作仪表板可以通过影响心理社会信念有效地促进预防性健康行为。这些仪表板提供了背景和指导，使危险情况更易于管理，并引导个人采取适当的预防行动。公共卫生专业人员应考虑将行为指导纳入社区健康仪表板，以提高其有效性。
