Castagliuolo Giusy, Badalamenti Natale, Ilardi Vincenzo, Fontana Gianfranco, Antonini Dario, Varcamonti Mario, Bruno Maurizio, Zanfardino Anna
Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy.
Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Molecules. 2025 May 22;30(11):2267. doi: 10.3390/molecules30112267.
The genus L., belonging to the Lamiaceae family, contains about forty species with a distribution that mainly extends in the Mediterranean basin from the North Atlantic to the Middle East. Due to their excellent biological properties, the aerial parts and flowers of ssp. have been utilized in traditional medicine in Morocco and western Europe. This paper investigated the chemical composition and antibacterial activities as well as the antibiofilm and antioxidant activities of the essential oil (EO) obtained from the pre-flowering aerial parts of subsp. collected in Morocco. The chemical composition of the EO, obtained by classic hydrodistillation, showed by GC-MS analysis the presence of a large amount of oxygenated monoterpene compounds. The main constituents of the EO were camphor (27.8%), camphene (10.9%), fenchone (10.6%), and eucalyptol (8.5%). The EO has been evaluated for its antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, showing promising activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. These findings highlight the potential of EO in combating infections caused by and (oral diseases), (skin infections), and (gastrointestinal and urinary infections). In addition, although the EO showed no evident effects on cell viability in eukaryotic epithelial cells, it exhibited promising effects on anti-inflammatory properties.
L.属隶属于唇形科，包含约40个物种，其分布主要从北大西洋延伸至中东的地中海盆地。由于其优异的生物学特性，ssp.的地上部分和花朵在摩洛哥和西欧的传统医学中得到了应用。本文研究了从摩洛哥采集的subsp.开花前期地上部分获得的精油（EO）的化学成分、抗菌活性以及抗生物膜和抗氧化活性。通过经典水蒸馏法获得的EO的化学成分经气相色谱-质谱分析表明存在大量含氧单萜化合物。EO的主要成分是樟脑（27.8%）、莰烯（10.9%）、葑酮（10.6%）和桉叶油醇（8.5%）。对EO的抗菌、抗生物膜、抗氧化和抗炎特性进行了评估，结果显示其对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均具有良好的活性。这些发现突出了EO在对抗由和（口腔疾病）、（皮肤感染）、和（胃肠道和泌尿系统感染）引起的感染方面的潜力。此外，尽管EO对真核上皮细胞的细胞活力没有明显影响，但它在抗炎特性方面表现出良好的效果。
