Yang Fan, Xie Ruofan, Huang Meijia, Hu Chunqiu, Wu Yong, Li Xin, Chen Hongbing
College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, College of Food Science & Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
Foods. 2025 May 23;14(11):1852. doi: 10.3390/foods14111852.
A close association between obesity and food allergies has been described, but from the perspective of T cell differentiation, controversial findings exist regarding the impact of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding on the development of food allergies. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between HFD-induced mild obesity and food allergy development in female BALB/c mice. Following 18 weeks of HFD feeding, experimental animals demonstrated a 10.92% body weight gain accompanied by a 32.45% elevation in total cholesterol levels and a 39.50% increase in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels. Upon allergen challenge, control diet (COD)-fed mice developed obvious food allergy symptoms and hypothermia, which were slightly alleviated in HFD-fed mice. Flow cytometry revealed that splenocytes from HFD-fed mice exhibited a 102.32% increase in CD4T-bet T (Th1) cell populations and a 38.69% elevation in CD4RORγt T (Th17) cell populations compared to COD-fed allergic mice. These changes corresponded with a 28.41% reduction in the Th2/Th1 ratio and a 56.67% increase in the Th17/Treg ratio. Moreover, real-time quantitative PCR showed that HFD-fed allergic mice had higher expressions of , , and in the intestine. Therefore, we concluded that HFD-induced mild obesity restored the Th2/Th1 and Th17/Treg balance, reinforced intestinal barrier function, and thereby did not increase allergy risk in female BALB/c mice.
肥胖与食物过敏之间的密切关联已有描述，但从T细胞分化的角度来看，关于高脂饮食（HFD）喂养对食物过敏发展的影响存在有争议的研究结果。我们的研究旨在探讨HFD诱导的轻度肥胖与雌性BALB/c小鼠食物过敏发展之间的关系。在HFD喂养18周后，实验动物体重增加了10.92%，同时总胆固醇水平升高了32.45%，低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高了39.50%。在过敏原激发后，喂食对照饮食（COD）的小鼠出现明显的食物过敏症状和体温过低，而在喂食HFD的小鼠中这些症状略有缓解。流式细胞术显示，与喂食COD的过敏小鼠相比，喂食HFD的小鼠脾细胞中CD4T-bet T（Th1）细胞群体增加了102.32%，CD4RORγt T（Th17）细胞群体增加了38.69%。这些变化与Th2/Th1比值降低28.41%以及Th17/Treg比值增加56.67%相对应。此外，实时定量PCR显示，喂食HFD的过敏小鼠肠道中 、 和 的表达更高。因此，我们得出结论，HFD诱导的轻度肥胖恢复了Th2/Th1和Th17/Treg平衡，增强了肠道屏障功能，从而没有增加雌性BALB/c小鼠的过敏风险。
