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可持续制氢：方法、类型、应用、挑战及未来展望综述

Sustainable Hydrogen Production, a Review of Methods, Types, Applications, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.

作者信息

Ansari Sajid Ali, Alam Mir Waqas, Dhanda Neetu, Abbasi Misbah Sehar, Ahmed Mais Emad, Alrashidi Alanoud Bader, Al-Farhan Amani Mubarak, Abebe Buzuayehu

机构信息

Department of Physics College of Science King Faisal University Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia.

Department of Physics Amity University Haryana Gurugram Haryana 122413 India.

出版信息

Glob Chall. 2025 Apr 30;9(6):2500086. doi: 10.1002/gch2.202500086. eCollection 2025 Jun.

DOI:10.1002/gch2.202500086
PMID:40510653
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12151804/
Abstract

Hydrogen is promising as an innovative energy vector beyond its conventional role and receiving international identification as a feasible fuel source. This review provides a concise examination of current advances in hydrogen production techniques employing renewable and conventional energy sources, as well as important difficulties in hydrogen production. Wind and solar are the two most promising sustainable energy sources for hydrogen manufacturing. The hydrogen production from renewable sources generated from undeveloped or other waste flows increases the affordability and flexibility of semi-centralized and distributed reforming while emitting no net or fewer greenhouse gases. Water electrolysis apparatus powered by wind energy or off-grid solar can also used in distant places away from the framework. Every hydrogen-producing technology presents technological obstacles. These obstacles include conversion efficiency, feedstock type, and the requirement to safely integrate the production of hydrogen systems with storage and purification technology.

摘要

氢作为一种创新的能源载体，其作用超越了传统角色，并在国际上被认定为一种可行的燃料来源。本综述简要考察了利用可再生能源和传统能源的制氢技术的当前进展，以及制氢过程中的重要难题。风能和太阳能是制氢最具前景的两种可持续能源。利用未开发资源或其他废物流产生的可再生能源制氢，提高了半集中式和分布式重整的可承受性和灵活性，同时不产生净温室气体排放或减少温室气体排放。由风能或离网太阳能供电的水电解装置也可用于远离电网框架的偏远地区。每种制氢技术都存在技术障碍。这些障碍包括转化效率、原料类型，以及将制氢系统与储存和净化技术安全集成的要求。

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