Ji Chenyang, Chen Junwei, Wei Fuxiang
Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Laboratory for Cellular Biomechanics and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
Mechanobiol Med. 2025 May 21;3(2):100135. doi: 10.1016/j.mbm.2025.100135. eCollection 2025 Jun.
The nuclear envelope (NE) is a dynamic, mechanosensitive structure that functions as a protective barrier for the genome and serves as a checkpoint responding to external stimuli. It plays a critical role in maintaining genomic stability and regulating cell fate. This review synthesizes recent research highlighting the role of NE as a mechanical checkpoint in ensuring accurate chromosome segregation, regulating cell cycle progression, and contributing to cancer development. Chromosome mis-segregation during cell division is a major driver of aneuploidy, a condition closely associated with genomic instability and cellular transformation. The role of NE in chromatin organization and gene expression regulation is also discussed, underscoring its importance in cell differentiation and identity.
核膜（NE）是一种动态的、机械敏感的结构，它作为基因组的保护屏障，并且作为一个响应外部刺激的检查点。它在维持基因组稳定性和调节细胞命运方面起着关键作用。这篇综述综合了近期的研究，突出了核膜作为一个机械检查点在确保准确的染色体分离、调节细胞周期进程以及促进癌症发展方面的作用。细胞分裂过程中的染色体错误分离是非整倍体的主要驱动因素，非整倍体是一种与基因组不稳定和细胞转化密切相关的状态。还讨论了核膜在染色质组织和基因表达调控中的作用，强调了其在细胞分化和特性方面的重要性。
