Moore Sammy, Naragon-Gainey Kristin, Pestell Carmela F, Becerra Rodrigo, Buelow Melissa T, Fynn Danielle M, Weinborn Michael
School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
Neuropsychol Rev. 2025 Jun 14. doi: 10.1007/s11065-025-09668-4.
The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) is a popular measure of risky decision-making, but to date, no formal quantitative reviews have been conducted, focused exclusively on IGT performance amongst individuals with acquired brain injury (ABI). Therefore, this meta-analytic study firstly explored performance differences between individuals with ABI vs controls. Second, we extended this comparison by investigating differences in IGT scoring and interpretive approaches (e.g., total score vs later block analysis). Finally, we explored potential IGT performance moderators (e.g., average age). A total of 25 studies, containing 39 samples (total n = 2188), were included. Overall findings suggested that the IGT is sensitive to the presence of ABI, particularly non-TBI and medically confirmed TBI, which becomes evident by block 2 of 5. Medium effect sizes were obtained for IGT total score, as well as indicators using later blocks only. Performance moderators such as population type and region influenced IGT performance, whilst average age, average education, and proportion of males did not. These results indicate that the IGT is sensitive to decision-making impairment following ABI, although we conclude that further research is needed to confirm the IGT's ability to detect impairment relative to specific brain regions.
爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）是一种常用的风险决策测量方法，但迄今为止，尚未有专门针对获得性脑损伤（ABI）个体的IGT表现进行的正式定量综述。因此，这项荟萃分析研究首先探讨了ABI个体与对照组之间的表现差异。其次，我们通过研究IGT评分和解释方法（例如总分与后期组块分析）的差异来扩展这种比较。最后，我们探讨了潜在的IGT表现调节因素（例如平均年龄）。总共纳入了25项研究，包含39个样本（总计n = 2188）。总体研究结果表明，IGT对ABI的存在敏感，尤其是非创伤性脑损伤和医学确诊的创伤性脑损伤，这在5个组块中的第2个组块时变得明显。IGT总分以及仅使用后期组块的指标获得了中等效应量。诸如人群类型和地区等表现调节因素影响了IGT表现，而平均年龄、平均教育程度和男性比例则没有。这些结果表明，IGT对ABI后的决策损害敏感，尽管我们得出结论，需要进一步研究以确认IGT相对于特定脑区检测损害的能力。
