University of California, Berkeley, United States.
J Affect Disord. 2013 Aug 15;150(1):115-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.11.027. Epub 2012 Dec 7.
The Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) has been recommended as an index of reward sensitivity, which is elevated in bipolar disorder. We conducted a meta-analysis of IGT performance in euthymic bipolar I disorder compared with control participants. Findings indicated that people with bipolar disorder make more risky choices than control participants, though the effect is small (g=0.35). It is not clear which of the many processes involved in IGT performance are involved in producing the observed group difference.
Fifty-five euthymic people with bipolar disorder and 39 control participants completed the IGT. The Expectancy Valence Model was used to examine differences in IGT. We also examined whether variation in IGT performance within the bipolar group was related to current mood, illness course, impulsivity, or demographics.
Bipolar and control groups did not differ on the total number of risky choices, rate of learning, or any of the parameters of the Expectancy Valence Model. IGT performance in bipolar disorder was not related to any of the examined individual differences.
It is possible that there are group differences that are too small to detect at our sample size or that are not amenable to study via the Expectancy Valence Model.
We were unable to identify group differences on the IGT or correlates of IGT performance within bipolar disorder. Though the IGT may serve as a useful model for decision-making, its structure may make it unsuitable for behavioral assessment of reward sensitivity independent of punishment sensitivity.
爱荷华赌博任务（IGT）已被推荐为奖励敏感性的指标，在双相情感障碍中升高。我们对心境稳定的双相 I 型障碍患者与对照组参与者的 IGT 表现进行了荟萃分析。研究结果表明，与对照组相比，双相情感障碍患者做出更多风险选择，尽管效果较小（g=0.35）。目前尚不清楚在 IGT 表现中涉及的许多过程中，哪些过程涉及产生观察到的组间差异。
55 名心境稳定的双相情感障碍患者和 39 名对照组参与者完成了 IGT。采用期望价值模型来检查 IGT 中的差异。我们还检查了在双相组内，IGT 表现的变化是否与当前情绪、疾病过程、冲动或人口统计学有关。
双相组和对照组在风险选择总数、学习率或期望价值模型的任何参数上均无差异。双相情感障碍患者的 IGT 表现与任何被检查的个体差异均无关。
我们的样本量可能太小，无法检测到组间差异，或者无法通过期望价值模型来研究这些差异。
我们无法在 IGT 上确定组间差异，也无法确定双相情感障碍内 IGT 表现的相关因素。尽管 IGT 可能是决策制定的有用模型，但它的结构可能使其不适合独立于惩罚敏感性来评估奖励敏感性的行为。
