Qiao Lei, Wang Mingkun, Zhou Zhihong, He Zhiwei
Anti-Icing Materials (AIM) Laboratory, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
Anti-Icing Materials (AIM) Laboratory, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Sep 5;495:138909. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138909. Epub 2025 Jun 11.
Frequent oil spills and the discharge of industrial oily wastewaters cause serious threats to environments, ecosystems, and human beings. Herein, a non-fluorinated and photothermal superhydrophobic polyurethane sponge has been successfully obtained by decorating lignin microspheres (LMs)/candle soots (CSs) with the assistance of polydimethylsiloxane. The as-prepared superhydrophobic sponge shows excellent chemical stability and mechanical durability in terms of being immersed in various liquids and being performed under different conditions (i.e., abrased by sandpapers, rinsed in water, bended, compressed, and teared by tapes). The superhydrophobic sponge possesses adsorption capacities for oils and organic solvents ranging from 29.1 to 129.3 g/g, shows separation efficiencies of CCl and crude oil up to 99.2 % and 95.2 %, and maintains separation efficiencies of CCl-in-water and crude oil-in-water emulsions for 98.2 % and 94.9 % even after 10 cyclic adsorption tests. Due to the synergistic photothermal effect between LMs and CSs, the superhydrophobic sponge shows a maximum surface temperature of 79.3 °C and rapidly adsorbs a droplet of crude oil (500 μL) in 16 s under solar irradiation (1 sun). Thus, the superhydrophobic sponge as a promising material provides a new solution for the treatments of daily oil/water separation and crude oil recovery in serious marine oil spill accidents.
频繁的石油泄漏和工业含油废水排放对环境、生态系统和人类构成了严重威胁。在此，通过聚二甲基硅氧烷的辅助，用木质素微球（LMs）/炭黑（CSs）进行修饰，成功制备了一种无氟光热超疏水聚氨酯海绵。所制备的超疏水海绵在浸入各种液体以及在不同条件下（如用砂纸摩擦、在水中冲洗、弯曲、压缩和用胶带撕裂）表现出优异的化学稳定性和机械耐久性。该超疏水海绵对油类和有机溶剂的吸附容量在29.1至129.3 g/g之间，对四氯化碳和原油的分离效率分别高达99.2%和95.2%，即使经过10次循环吸附测试后，对水包四氯化碳乳液和水包原油乳液的分离效率仍保持在98.2%和94.9%。由于LMs和CSs之间的协同光热效应，该超疏水海绵在太阳辐照（1个太阳）下表面温度最高可达79.3°C，并能在16秒内快速吸附一滴原油（500μL）。因此，这种超疏水海绵作为一种有前景的材料，为日常油/水分离处理以及严重海洋石油泄漏事故中的原油回收提供了一种新的解决方案。
