Unlu Hayrunnisa, Yehia Asmaa, El-Gayar Sherif, Havanur Amogh, Deceus Farha, Brown Samantha J, Umar Sarah B, Croarkin Paul E, Schneekloth Terry D, Abulseoud Osama A
Mayo Clinic Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona.
Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
JAACAP Open. 2024 Mar 25;3(2):216-231. doi: 10.1016/j.jaacop.2024.01.012. eCollection 2025 Jun.
OBJECTIVE: Despite the high prevalence of underage drinking, little is known about alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) in adolescents and young adults. The aim of this study is to characterize AWS in this population. METHOD: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all hospital admissions with the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment of Alcohol Scale, Revised (CIWA-Ar) protocol at Mayo Clinic between June 2019 and June 2022. RESULTS: We identified a total of 10,220 patients with 16,338 hospital admissions where CIWA-Ar protocol was implemented. Within this cohort, 130 patients (70 male and 60 female; 1.3% of all patients) with 148 admissions (0.9% of all admissions) were under 21 years of age. A total of 44% of patients (n = 65) presented with suicidal ideations, and 26% (n = 40) had suicide attempts. In all, 22 (n = 33) required admission to the intensive care unit. The median length of stay in the intensive care unit was 32.8 hours. The median peak CIWA-Ar score was 9 (minimum-maximum = 4-39, interquartile range = 7), and the median time from hospital admission to peak CIWA-Ar score was 9.4 hours (minimum-maximum = 0.1-126, interquartile range = 20.2). A total of 40% of patients (n = 59) received benzodiazepines, whereas 20% (n = 31) required antipsychotics. Three patients (2%) developed delirium tremens, and 5 episodes of alcohol withdrawal seizures (3.4%) were observed. No deaths were reported during hospitalization. However, over the subsequent follow-up period from 2019 to 2023, the all-cause post-hospitalization mortality rate was 3% (n = 4) within 1.6 (±0.6) years. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that adolescents and young adults presenting for treatment of AWS are at risk for morbidity and mortality due to suicidality and withdrawal complications such as withdrawal seizures and delirium tremens. Further studies should evaluate the underlying social and neurobiological predictors of vulnerability and resilience in this age group.
目的:尽管未成年人饮酒现象普遍,但对于青少年和青年成人的酒精戒断综合征(AWS)却知之甚少。本研究旨在描述该人群中的AWS特征。 方法:我们对2019年6月至2022年6月期间在梅奥诊所按照酒精戒断临床研究所修订评估量表(CIWA-Ar)方案进行的所有住院病例进行了回顾性病历审查。 结果:我们共识别出10220例患者,实施了CIWA-Ar方案的住院病例有16338例。在该队列中,130例患者(70例男性和60例女性;占所有患者的1.3%)有148次住院(占所有住院的0.9%),年龄在21岁以下。共有44%的患者(n = 65)出现自杀意念,26%(n = 40)有自杀未遂行为。总共22例(n = 33)需要入住重症监护病房。在重症监护病房的中位住院时间为32.8小时。CIWA-Ar评分的中位峰值为9(最小值 - 最大值 = 4 - 39,四分位间距 = 7),从入院到CIWA-Ar评分达到峰值的中位时间为9.4小时(最小值 - 最大值 = 0.1 - 126,四分位间距 = 20.2)。共有40%的患者(n = 59)接受了苯二氮䓬类药物治疗,而20%(n = 31)需要使用抗精神病药物。3例患者(2%)发生了震颤谵妄,观察到5次酒精戒断性癫痫发作(3.4%)。住院期间未报告死亡病例。然而,在2019年至2023年随后的随访期内,全因住院后死亡率在1.6(±0.6)年内为3%(n = 4)。 结论:这些数据表明,因AWS前来治疗的青少年和青年成人由于自杀倾向以及戒断并发症(如戒断性癫痫发作和震颤谵妄)而面临发病和死亡风险。进一步的研究应评估该年龄组易感性和恢复力的潜在社会和神经生物学预测因素。
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