Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston, MA, United States.
Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Health Law, Policy & Management, Boston, MA, United States.
Addict Behav. 2022 Dec;135:107452. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107452. Epub 2022 Jul 29.
Alcohol use is a common, recognized problem on college campuses. This study examined alcohol use in a national sample of US college students across 78 campuses. Using four waves of data from the Healthy Minds Study (2015-2019), we explored variations by student demographics in prevalence of recent: alcohol consumption, heavy episodic drinking (HED, 4/5 + drinks in one sitting), frequent HED (3 + HED events), and lifetime alcohol use disorder (AUD) diagnosis. Stratified analyses and logistic regression with response propensity weights were used. Two-thirds of students consumed alcohol and roughly-one-third engaged in HED in the past 2 weeks. Alcohol use was more common among students who: identified as cis women/men, bisexual or gay/lesbian/queer, white non-Hispanic, lived in Greek housing or off-campus, were not first generation, or those not rating religion as important. Prevalence of HED among recent drinkers was high (56.7%) but varied by gender identity, race-ethnicity, living situation, and religiosity. In addition, higher HED prevalence was reported among: international, undergraduate, and underage (under 21) students. There was little variation in HED by sexual orientation identity or first generation status among recent drinkers. In a sub-sample of students engaging in frequent HED, AUD diagnosis was uncommon (1.4%) and less likely among students identifying as: cis women/men, heterosexual, racial-ethnic minorities (particularly Asian/Asian American or Pacific Islander), international, religious, or living in Greek housing. Alcohol use continues to be a part of college life, while screening and treatment remains rare. There are opportunities for improved programming and outreach acknowledging college student diversity.
大学生群体普遍存在饮酒问题。本研究以全美 78 所高校的大学生为样本，考察了大学生的饮酒行为。研究使用“健康心灵研究”（2015-2019 年）的四组数据，探讨了学生人口统计学特征对近期饮酒、重度饮酒（4 或 5 次及以上饮酒）、频繁重度饮酒（3 次及以上重度饮酒事件）和终身酒精使用障碍（AUD）诊断率的影响。采用分层分析和具有响应倾向权重的逻辑回归。三分之二的学生在过去两周内饮酒，约三分之一的学生有重度饮酒行为。在以下群体中，饮酒行为更为常见：顺性别女性/男性、双性恋或同性恋/女同性恋/双性恋/酷儿、白种非西班牙裔、居住在希腊宿舍或校外、非第一代大学生、不认为宗教重要的学生。最近饮酒者中，重度饮酒的比例很高（56.7%），但在性别认同、种族-民族、生活状况和宗教信仰方面存在差异。此外，国际学生、本科生和未成年（21 岁以下）学生的重度饮酒比例较高。在有频繁重度饮酒行为的学生中，AUD 诊断率较低（1.4%），且在顺性别女性/男性、异性恋、少数族裔（特别是亚裔/亚裔美国人或太平洋岛民）、国际学生、宗教信仰者或居住在希腊宿舍的学生中较少见。尽管饮酒仍是大学生活的一部分，但筛查和治疗仍然罕见。有机会改善项目和外联工作，以承认大学生的多样性。
