Bespalova Kira, Perfilyeva Anastassiya, Begmanova Мamura, Zhaxylykova Assel, Yerzhan Arailym, Yergali Kanagat, Akunov Almazbek, Munarbek Uulu Marat, Khamchukova Anna, Amirgaliyeva Almira, Kuzovleva Yelena
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Salbuurun Federation, Bokonbaevo, Kyrgyzstan.
FEBS Open Bio. 2025 Sep;15(9):1520-1531. doi: 10.1002/2211-5463.70065. Epub 2025 Jun 17.
The Taigan is an ancient sighthound breed native to the Tien Shan Mountains in Kyrgyzstan and adapted to hunting at high altitudes and in rough terrain. Previous studies have provided insights into its phylogenetic relationships, but more data are needed to determine whether the Taigan is genetically distinct from related sighthounds. In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive genetic analysis using short tandem repeat markers and high-density single nucleotide polymorphism array data to assess genetic diversity, population structure and differentiation from other sighthound breeds. The analysis showed high polymorphism and an excess of heterozygosity (F = -0.013), indicating a balanced genetic structure. Bayesian clustering identified five genetic clusters among the Taigans, with no dominant lineage, suggesting a diverse gene pool. Principal component analysis and admixture analyses assigned the Taigan to the eastern sighthound group, closely clustered with the Kazakh Tazy. A pairwise F analysis showed only 17 highly divergent single nucleotide polymorphisms. This number is significantly lower than in recognized and well-differentiated breed pairs and suggests that genetic differentiation between Kazakh Tazy and Taigan breeds is minimal under current sampling conditions. Further studies with larger data sets are needed to determine the genetic divergence between the Taigan and the Kazakh Tazy.
塔伊干犬是一种古老的视觉猎犬品种，原产于吉尔吉斯斯坦的天山山脉，适应在高海拔和崎岖地形中狩猎。以往的研究对其系统发育关系有了一定了解，但还需要更多数据来确定塔伊干犬在基因上是否与相关视觉猎犬不同。在本研究中，我们使用短串联重复标记和高密度单核苷酸多态性阵列数据进行了全面的遗传分析，以评估其遗传多样性、种群结构以及与其他视觉猎犬品种的分化情况。分析显示出高多态性和杂合子过剩（F = -0.013），表明遗传结构平衡。贝叶斯聚类在塔伊干犬中识别出五个遗传簇，没有占主导地位的谱系，这表明基因库具有多样性。主成分分析和混合分析将塔伊干犬归为东部视觉猎犬组，与哈萨克塔齐犬紧密聚类。成对F分析仅显示17个高度分化的单核苷酸多态性。这个数字明显低于已识别且分化良好的品种对，这表明在当前采样条件下，哈萨克塔齐犬和塔伊干犬品种之间的遗传分化最小。需要进一步使用更大数据集的研究来确定塔伊干犬与哈萨克塔齐犬之间的遗传差异。
