Benítez-Muñoz José Antonio, Alcocer-Ayuga María, Cupeiro Rocío, Guisado-Cuadrado Isabel, Rojo-Tirado Miguel Ángel, Alfaro-Magallanes Víctor M, Romero-Parra Nuria, Aparecida-Castro Eliane, Ramos-Campo Domingo J, Armero-Sotillo Alberto, Peinado Ana Belén, Benito Pedro J
LFE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Science (INEF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Olympia Sport & Lifestyle Center, Grupo Quironsalud, Madrid, Spain.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2025 Jul;25(7):e12323. doi: 10.1002/ejsc.12323.
The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of an aerobic fitness level on the percentage of maximum oxygen consumption, heart rate, and power output (%VO, %HR, and %W) at which ventilatory thresholds 1 (VT1) and 2 (VT2) occur during a ramp incremental cycle-ergometer test in males and females considering age. 1450 males and 241 females performed a ramp incremental exercise test until exhaustion to determine VT1, VT2, and VO. Combining the oxygen consumption at VT1, VT2, and VO by clustering analysis, males were classified as a low, medium, or high aerobic fitness level and females were classified as a low or high aerobic fitness level. Results showed VO was very poorly correlated with the %VO at which VT1 and VT2 occur (r ≤ 0.115), whereas oxygen consumption at VT1 and VT2 showed a stronger positive association with the %VO at which VT1 and VT2 occur, respectively (r = 0.357-0.604). Furthermore, the %VO at which VT1 and VT2 occur were greater the higher the aerobic fitness level (all p ≤ 0.002), observing a high heterogeneity in the %VO at which VT1 and VT2 occur even stratifying the sample by sex and aerobic fitness levels. In conclusion, the percentage of maximum at which VT1 and VT2 occur are better related to oxygen consumption at VT1 and VT2, respectively, than to VO. Moreover, the common strategy consisting of establishing exercise intensity as a fixed percentage of maximum might not be effective to match intensity across individuals even if sex and aerobic fitness levels is considered. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT06246760.
本研究的目的是分析有氧适能水平对男性和女性在递增式蹬车试验中出现通气阈值1（VT1）和通气阈值2（VT2）时的最大耗氧量百分比、心率和功率输出（%VO₂、%HR和%W）的影响，并考虑年龄因素。1450名男性和241名女性进行了递增式运动试验，直至力竭，以确定VT1、VT2和VO₂。通过聚类分析将VT1、VT2和VO₂时的耗氧量相结合，将男性分为低、中、高有氧适能水平，将女性分为低或高有氧适能水平。结果显示，VO₂与VT1和VT2出现时的%VO₂相关性很差（r≤0.115），而VT1和VT2时的耗氧量与VT1和VT2出现时的%VO₂分别呈现更强的正相关（r = 0.357 - 0.604）。此外，有氧适能水平越高，VT1和VT2出现时的%VO₂越高（所有p≤0.002），即使按性别和有氧适能水平对样本进行分层，VT1和VT2出现时的%VO₂仍存在高度异质性。总之，VT1和VT2出现时的最大百分比分别与VT1和VT2时的耗氧量相关性更好，而不是与VO₂相关性更好。此外，即使考虑性别和有氧适能水平，将运动强度设定为最大百分比的固定比例这一常见策略可能也无法有效地使个体间的强度匹配。试验注册号：NCT06246760。
