Ruiz-Sandoval Jessica Paola, Vizcaino-Sulbarán Dayana, Álzate-Granados Juan Pablo, Cáceres-Rivera Diana Isabel, López-Romero Luis Alberto
Enfermera, Magister en epidemiología clínica. Fundación Universitaria De Ciencias de la Salud-FUCS. Bogotá, Colombia.
Especialista en epidemiología clínica Fundación Universitaria De Ciencias de la Salud-FUCS, Médico Universidad del Norte Colombia. Bogotá, Colombia.
Rev Cuid. 2025 Apr 22;16(1):e4207. doi: 10.15649/cuidarte.4207. eCollection 2025 Jan-Apr.
Sociodemographic factors such as geographic location are associated with high cardiovascular risk. Urban areas are characterized by densely populated areas with access to services, while rural areas have fewer people and limited services.
To determine the factors associated with high cardiovascular risk according to the area of patients enrolled in a chronic care program in Putumayo.
Analytical cross-sectional study. The population was selected through simple random sampling. Information on the main risk factors was collected and included in a multivariate logistic regression model.
A total of 1,190 patients were included (median age 59.5 years [IQR 53-66], 68.74% women). 86.22% of the patients had high cardiovascular risk, with a similar distribution between urban (87.95%, n=628) and rural (83.61%, n=398) areas and a statistically significant difference compared to low/moderate risk (p=0.033). The factors related to cardiovascular risk in this population were primary education (OR: 0.68, CI 95%: 0.38-1.24), secondary education (OR: 0.88, CI 95%: 0.42-1.83), higher education (OR: 0.33, CI 95%: 0.13-0.82), ethnicity (none) (OR: 2.13, CI 95%: 0.98-4.63), rural area (OR: 0.66, CI 95%: 0.47-0.94), and contributory health affiliation (OR: 6.58, CI 95%: 2.75-15.72).
This study revealed that factors such as education level, ethnicity, type of health affiliation, and area were related to cardiovascular risk.
The results showed a high proportion of individuals with elevated cardiovascular risk in Putumayo, with statistically significant differences between areas.
地理位置等社会人口学因素与心血管疾病高风险相关。城市地区人口密集，可获得各种服务，而农村地区人口较少且服务有限。
确定普图马约一个慢性病护理项目中患者所在地区与心血管疾病高风险相关的因素。
分析性横断面研究。通过简单随机抽样选取研究对象。收集主要风险因素的信息并纳入多因素逻辑回归模型。
共纳入1190例患者（中位年龄59.5岁[四分位间距53 - 66岁]，女性占68.74%）。86.22%的患者有心血管疾病高风险，城市（87.95%，n = 628）和农村（83.61%，n = 398）地区分布相似，但与低/中度风险组相比有统计学显著差异（p = 0.033）。该人群中与心血管疾病风险相关的因素有小学教育程度（比值比：0.68，95%置信区间：0.38 - 1.24）、中学教育程度（比值比：0.88，95%置信区间：0.42 - 1.83）、高等教育程度（比值比：0.33，95%置信区间：0.13 - 0.82）、种族（无）（比值比：2.13，95%置信区间：0.98 - 4.63）、农村地区（比值比：0.66，95%置信区间：0.47 - 0.94）和参保健康状况（比值比：6.58，95%置信区间：2.75 - 15.72）。
本研究表明教育水平、种族、健康参保类型和地区等因素与心血管疾病风险相关。
结果显示普图马约有高比例的个体存在心血管疾病风险升高的情况，不同地区之间存在统计学显著差异。
