Liu K M, Shen C L
Cell Tissue Res. 1985;242(2):245-56. doi: 10.1007/BF00214537.
Adult albino rats were subjected to unilateral surgical removal of the eyeball. After survival times of 7-140 days, the numerical response of the neuroglial cells, and the progressive disintegration of the myelin sheaths in the optic nerves, were studied qualitatively and quantitatively in electron-microscopic montages. The distribution density of microglia and astroglia in degenerating optic nerve increased to peaks after 35 and 56 days respectively, whereas, the oligodendroglia gradually decreased. During the early stage of degeneration, microglial cells appeared and invaded the sheath at the intraperiod line, peeling off the outer lamellae, which were then engulfed by phagocytosis. Within the microglia, myelin sheath fragments were surrounded by a membrane curled to form a myelin ring. In the intermediate stage of degeneration, the paired electron-dense lines of the ring, made up of myelin basic protein, decomposed and formed a homogeneous or heterogeneous osmiophilic layered structure, the myelin body, which, in the final stages, disintegrated and transformed into globoid lipid droplets and needle shaped cholesterol crystals.
成年白化大鼠接受单侧眼球手术摘除。在存活7 - 140天后，通过电子显微镜拼接图对神经胶质细胞的数量反应以及视神经中髓鞘的渐进性崩解进行了定性和定量研究。在变性视神经中，小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的分布密度分别在35天和56天后增加到峰值，而少突胶质细胞逐渐减少。在变性早期，小胶质细胞出现并侵入髓鞘的周期间线，剥离外层板层，然后通过吞噬作用将其吞噬。在小胶质细胞内，髓鞘碎片被卷曲的膜包围形成髓鞘环。在变性中期，由髓鞘碱性蛋白组成的环的成对电子致密线分解并形成均匀或不均匀的嗜锇层状结构，即髓鞘小体，在最后阶段，髓鞘小体崩解并转化为球状脂质滴和针状胆固醇晶体。
