Felício Isabela Motta, Cavalcanti Alexya Mikelle Teixeira, Baranger Kevin, de Oliveira Junior Raimundo Gonçalves, Poirot Benjamin, Picot Laurent, de Andrade Cavalcante Fabiana
Laboratory of Functional Pharmacology Prof. George Thomas, Institute for Drug and Medicine Research, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Bioactive Products, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil.
Laboratory of Functional Pharmacology Prof. George Thomas, Institute for Drug and Medicine Research, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil.
Fitoterapia. 2025 Jun 16:106687. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106687.
Propolis, a natural product with a complex chemical composition produced by Apis mellifera bees, has been used in traditional medicine for centuries for its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties, as well as for treating respiratory infections, gastrointestinal disorders, and oral health issues. The phytochemical composition of propolis is strongly influenced by the local flora, leading to regional variations in bioactive compounds and thus therapeutic properties. This study specifically focuses on the latest research on Brazilian propolis and examines the phytochemical composition and biological activities of the green, red, and brown types. Brazil is one of the largest global propolis producers, exporting between 140 and 150 tons annually, primarily to Japan. The chemical characterization of propolis is performed using advanced analytical techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), enabling the identification of various bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, benzoic acids, and terpene alcohols. Propolis exhibits a wide range of biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor effects. This review lists the main chemical compounds and their biological activities in light of regional variations in the composition of Brazilian propolis, emphasizing the importance of strategies that address these variations to optimize its therapeutic and industrial potential.
蜂胶是蜜蜂生产的一种化学成分复杂的天然产物，几个世纪以来一直用于传统医学，因其具有抗菌、抗炎和伤口愈合特性，还用于治疗呼吸道感染、胃肠道疾病和口腔健康问题。蜂胶的植物化学成分受当地植物群的强烈影响，导致生物活性化合物以及治疗特性存在区域差异。本研究特别关注巴西蜂胶的最新研究，并研究绿色、红色和棕色类型蜂胶的植物化学成分和生物活性。巴西是全球最大的蜂胶生产国之一，每年出口140至150吨，主要出口到日本。蜂胶的化学表征使用先进的分析技术进行，如高效液相色谱法（HPLC）、气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）和核磁共振（NMR），能够鉴定各种生物活性化合物，包括多酚、苯甲酸和萜烯醇。蜂胶具有广泛的生物活性，如抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎和抗肿瘤作用。本综述根据巴西蜂胶成分的区域差异列出了主要化合物及其生物活性，强调了应对这些差异以优化其治疗和工业潜力的策略的重要性。
