Balasubramaniam Arun Kumar, Elangovan Ashmitha, Rahman Maheen Abdul, Nayak Subhendu, Swain Durga, Babu Harathi Parasur, Narasimhan Aarthi, Monga Vikramdeep
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Joan M. Lafleur College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Zoology, PSGR Krishnammal College for Women, Coimbatore, India.
Fitoterapia. 2025 Jun;183:106526. doi: 10.1016/j.fitote.2025.106526. Epub 2025 Apr 7.
Propolis, a resinous substance produced by honeybees, has been utilized in traditional medicine for centuries due to its diverse biological activities. This review explores the phytochemical composition, therapeutic applications, and potential health benefits of propolis. Comprising a complex mixture of resins, waxes, essential oils, and pollen, propolis exhibits significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties. The phytochemical content of propolis varies with its botanical and geographical origins, influencing its bioactivity. Propolis has shown promise in wound healing, oral health, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, hepatoprotection, and gastrointestinal health. Despite its therapeutic potential, challenges such as standardization, quality control, and regulatory issues need to be addressed. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms of action, optimizing extraction methods, and conducting extensive clinical trials to validate its efficacy and safety. Sustainable production and conservation efforts are essential to ensure the continuous supply of high- quality propolis. This review highlights the need for interdisciplinary research to fully harness the potential of propolis in modern medicine.
蜂胶是蜜蜂产生的一种树脂状物质，由于其多样的生物活性，在传统医学中已被使用了几个世纪。本综述探讨了蜂胶的植物化学成分、治疗应用及潜在的健康益处。蜂胶由树脂、蜡、精油和花粉等复杂混合物组成，具有显著的抗菌、抗氧化、抗炎、免疫调节和抗癌特性。蜂胶的植物化学成分因其植物来源和地理来源而异，从而影响其生物活性。蜂胶在伤口愈合、口腔健康、心血管保护、神经保护、肝脏保护和胃肠道健康方面已显示出前景。尽管其具有治疗潜力，但仍需解决标准化、质量控制和监管等问题。未来的研究应集中于阐明其作用机制、优化提取方法，并进行广泛的临床试验以验证其有效性和安全性。可持续生产和保护措施对于确保高质量蜂胶的持续供应至关重要。本综述强调了跨学科研究的必要性，以便在现代医学中充分发挥蜂胶的潜力。
