Zhang Bao, Tang Mengsha, Li Xiude
Department of Clinical Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
School of Humanity and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, China.
Nutr J. 2025 Jun 18;24(1):93. doi: 10.1186/s12937-025-01163-z.
Insulin response may significantly contribute to the formation of kidney stones. Diets can modulate the insulin response and we hypothesize that high insulinemic potential diets may increase the kidney stones risk.
Data were from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diets were assessed by 24-hour dietary recall. Two empirical dietary indices for insulin resistance (EDIR) and hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) were used to reflect the dietary insulinemic potential. Diagnosis of kidney stones was based on self-report. Logistic regression was employed to calculate ORs and 95% CIs while adjusting for variables identified through a directed acyclic graph (DAG).
Higher EDIR [OR = 1.31 (95% CI: 1.13-1.53); OR= 1.11 (95% CI: 1.05-1.18); p = 0.001] and EDIH [OR = 1.26 (95% CI: 1.08-1.47); OR= 1.10 (95% CI: 1.04-1.16); p = 0.001] scores were both positively associated with kidney stones. The conclusion remains unchanged in the sensitivity analysis after adjusting for potential mediating factors that were identified from the DAG, including BMI, hypertension, and diabetes. Subgroup analysis showed that results in most subgroups were consistent with the main analysis.
This study indicates that the insulinemic potential of diet may partly underlie the influence of dietary patterns on kidney stones, emphasizing the importance of avoiding dietary patterns with insulinemic potential.
Not applicable.
胰岛素反应可能对肾结石的形成有显著影响。饮食可调节胰岛素反应，我们推测具有高胰岛素生成潜力的饮食可能会增加患肾结石的风险。
数据来自美国国家健康与营养检查调查。通过24小时饮食回顾评估饮食情况。使用两个反映饮食胰岛素生成潜力的经验性饮食指数，即胰岛素抵抗饮食指数（EDIR）和高胰岛素血症饮食指数（EDIH）。肾结石的诊断基于自我报告。采用逻辑回归计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI），同时对通过有向无环图（DAG）确定的变量进行调整。
较高的EDIR[OR = 1.31（95%CI：1.13 - 1.53）；OR = 1.11（95%CI：1.05 - 1.18）；p = 0.001]和EDIH[OR = 1.26（95%CI：1.08 - 1.47）；OR = 1.10（95%CI：1.04 - 1.16）；p = 0.001]得分均与肾结石呈正相关。在对从DAG中识别出的潜在中介因素（包括体重指数、高血压和糖尿病）进行调整后的敏感性分析中，结论保持不变。亚组分析表明，大多数亚组的结果与主要分析一致。
本研究表明，饮食的胰岛素生成潜力可能部分解释了饮食模式对肾结石的影响，强调了避免具有胰岛素生成潜力的饮食模式的重要性。
不适用。
