Li Yuening, Ren Yong, Liu Ruiqing, Xu Wenxiu, Gong Yanling
College of Competitive Sports Wuhan Sports University Wuhan China.
Physical Education Institute Taishan University Taian China.
Food Sci Nutr. 2025 Jun 17;13(6):e70436. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.70436. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Gypenosides (Gyp), the main component in , exert various pharmacological activities. Although has been reported to improve endurance exercise performance and delayed fatigue, the effect of Gyp on fatigue and the underlying mechanisms have not yet been illustrated. In the present study, we established a fatigue mice model induced by long-term high-intensity swimming to explore the potential effect of Gyp on peripheral and central fatigue. The results revealed that Gyp prolonged the exhaustive swimming time and improved fatigue associated parameters including blood GLU, LA, NH3, LDH, HG and MG, demonstrating anti-fatigue effects. In EF mice, Gyp supplementation decreased IL-6, TNF-α, MDA while increased SOD both in the muscle, liver, colon and hippocampus, showing anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Furthermore, Gyp upregulated ZO-1, Occludin and Claudin-1 expressions in the colon, thereby maintaining the integrity of the intestinal barrier to inhibit inflammation. Gyp decreased 5-HT content while increased DA in the frontal cortex, exhibiting a regulation on the neurotransmitters. In conclusion, Gyp alleviated the peripheral and central fatigue via anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation on the muscle, liver, colon, and neurotransmitter regulation on the hippocampus and frontal cortex, respectively. The detailed mechanisms at the cellular and molecular level remains to be elucidated in the future.
绞股蓝总皂苷（Gyp）是[具体物质]中的主要成分，具有多种药理活性。尽管已有报道称[具体物质]可提高耐力运动表现并延缓疲劳，但Gyp对疲劳的影响及其潜在机制尚未阐明。在本研究中，我们建立了长期高强度游泳诱导的疲劳小鼠模型，以探讨Gyp对周围性和中枢性疲劳的潜在影响。结果显示，Gyp延长了小鼠的力竭游泳时间，并改善了与疲劳相关的参数，包括血糖（GLU）、乳酸（LA）、氨（NH3）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）、血尿素氮（HG）和肌酸（MG），表明其具有抗疲劳作用。在运动性疲劳（EF）小鼠中，补充Gyp可降低肌肉、肝脏、结肠和海马中白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、丙二醛（MDA）的水平，同时提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）水平，显示出抗炎和抗氧化作用。此外，Gyp上调结肠中紧密连接蛋白1（ZO-1）、闭合蛋白（Occludin）和Claudin-1的表达，从而维持肠道屏障的完整性以抑制炎症。Gyp降低额叶皮质中5-羟色胺（5-HT）含量，同时增加多巴胺（DA）含量，表现出对神经递质的调节作用。总之，Gyp分别通过对肌肉、肝脏、结肠的抗炎、抗氧化作用以及对海马和额叶皮质的神经递质调节作用来减轻周围性和中枢性疲劳。细胞和分子水平的详细机制仍有待于未来进一步阐明。
