Exosomal miRNAs: A New Frontier in Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis and Treatment.

Exosomes are small vesicles secreted by a variety of cells surrounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and containing a variety of biomolecules, of which microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most abundant. Exosomal miRNAs are involved in the development of cardiovascular diseases(CVD), and their unique biological properties make them expected to be effective targets for the treatment of CVD. This article reviews the biological characteristics, expression, and mechanism of action of exosomes and exosomal miRNAs in CVD, as well as their potential as biomarkers in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic assessment of CVD, to provide new ideas in the field of CVD medicine.