Walsh Aimee, Agar Ruth, Offiah Greg, Maher Vincent
Advanced Lipid Management and Research (ALMAR) Centre, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Department of Cardiology, Tallaght University Hospital, D24, Dublin, Ireland.
Ir J Med Sci. 2025 Jun;194(3):867-872. doi: 10.1007/s11845-025-03973-w. Epub 2025 Jun 19.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) usually goes undetected until complications develop. Knowledge and awareness of cardiovascular risk factors, particularly lipid disorders, lead to earlier disease detection and risk factor intervention.
We sought to assess the awareness of lipid disorders in a population randomly screened for lipid abnormalities.
As part of a national awareness campaign, 360 individuals underwent lipid screening and completed a questionnaire regarding their awareness of cardiovascular risk factors.
We identified 240 (66%) individuals with a lipid disorder. Lipid disorders were unrelated to gender but increased sharply from 39% in those under 40 years of age to (71%) in those between 40 and 54 years and (75%) in those older than 55 years. They were more prevalent in those reporting diabetes (78%), hypertension (88%) and hypercholesterolaemia (90%) but not in smokers 62% versus non-smokers 68%. Awareness of abnormal lipids was present in only 34% of individuals overall but was higher in those with diabetes (70%) hypertension (64%) or in those with two or more risk factors (50%). Awareness of lipid disorders increased with age, being extremely low (8%) in those under 40 years of age and increasing to (28%), (45%) and (54%) in those aged 40 to 54 years, 55 to 70 years and older than 70 years, respectively. The biggest gap between the presence and awareness of lipid disorders occurred in the 40 to 54 year age group. There were significant correlations between the awareness of lipid disorders and the awareness of hypertension r = 0.27, p < 0.01 or diabetes r = 0.14, p < 0.05 but not of smoking r = - 0.04 or family history of ASCVD r = 0.11.
Given the importance of early detection and intervention to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors, public education and increased screening are advisable, especially for lipid disorders in the youngerage groups.
动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）通常在并发症出现之前未被发现。对心血管危险因素，尤其是脂质紊乱的了解和认识，有助于更早地发现疾病并进行危险因素干预。
我们试图评估在随机进行脂质异常筛查的人群中对脂质紊乱的认知情况。
作为全国性宣传活动的一部分，360人接受了脂质筛查，并完成了一份关于他们对心血管危险因素认知情况的问卷。
我们确定了240名（66%）患有脂质紊乱的个体。脂质紊乱与性别无关，但从40岁以下人群中的39%急剧增加到40至54岁人群中的71%以及55岁以上人群中的75%。在报告患有糖尿病（78%）、高血压（88%）和高胆固醇血症（90%）的人群中更为普遍，但在吸烟者中（62%）与非吸烟者中（68%）无差异。总体上只有34%的个体意识到脂质异常，但在患有糖尿病（70%）、高血压（64%）或有两个或更多危险因素的个体中（50%）意识较高。对脂质紊乱的认知随年龄增长而增加，在40岁以下人群中极低（8%），在40至54岁、55至70岁和70岁以上人群中分别增加到28%、45%和54%。脂质紊乱的存在与认知之间的最大差距出现在40至54岁年龄组。脂质紊乱的认知与高血压的认知之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.27，p < 0.01）或与糖尿病的认知之间存在显著相关性（r = 0.14，p < 0.05），但与吸烟（r = -0.04）或ASCVD家族史（r = 0.11）无关。
鉴于早期发现和干预对降低心血管疾病危险因素的重要性，建议进行公众教育并增加筛查，特别是针对年轻人群体中的脂质紊乱。
