Tast Valentina, Schröger Erich, Widmann Andreas
Wilhelm Wundt Institute for Psychology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
Psychophysiology. 2025 Jun;62(6):e70094. doi: 10.1111/psyp.70094.
Recent theories describe perception as an inferential process based on internal predictive models that are adjusted by prediction violations (prediction error). Two modulations of the auditory N1 event-related brain potential component have been interpreted as reduced or enhanced prediction error for predictable sensory input: The sound-related N1 component is attenuated for self-generated sounds compared to the N1 elicited by externally generated sounds (N1 suppression). An omission-related component in the N1 time-range is elicited when the self-generated sounds are occasionally omitted (omission N1). We wanted to confirm that both N1 suppression and omission N1 are sensitive to the predictability of sound identity, as reported in the literature. We manipulated the predictability of sound identity in a self-generation paradigm in which button presses in one condition always produced the same sound or in another condition produced a sound randomly selected from a large set of sounds. Omission N1 was modulated by manipulating the predictability of sound identity but surprisingly N1 suppression was not. This contradicts previous reports, challenges prediction-related interpretations of the N1 suppression, and supports alternative explanations for N1 suppression like action-related unspecific sensory gating.
近期理论将感知描述为一个基于内部预测模型的推理过程，该模型会根据预测误差（预测违背）进行调整。听觉N1事件相关脑电位成分的两种调制已被解释为针对可预测感觉输入的预测误差降低或增强：与外部产生的声音所诱发的N1相比，自我产生的声音所诱发的与声音相关的N1成分会减弱（N1抑制）。当自我产生的声音偶尔被省略时，会在N1时间范围内诱发一个与省略相关的成分（省略N1）。我们想要证实，正如文献中所报道的那样，N1抑制和省略N1对声音身份的可预测性均敏感。我们在一个自我产生范式中操纵声音身份的可预测性，在该范式中，在一种条件下按键总是产生相同的声音，而在另一种条件下产生从一大组声音中随机选择的声音。省略N1通过操纵声音身份的可预测性而受到调制，但令人惊讶的是N1抑制并未受到调制。这与之前的报道相矛盾，对N1抑制的预测相关解释提出了挑战，并支持了对N1抑制的其他解释，如与动作相关的非特异性感觉门控。
