Aziz Ahmed Ali, Aziz Muhammad Ali, Omar Nosheen, Zahid Rida, Amir Muhammad, Shah Rehan, Ali Ijlal Akbar
Internal Medicine, Integris Baptist Medical Center, Oklahoma City, USA.
Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA.
Cureus. 2025 Jun 19;17(6):e86371. doi: 10.7759/cureus.86371. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Background Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastrointestinal condition that frequently necessitates hospitalization. The aim of our study is to investigate whether gender affects the outcomes of adult patients hospitalized with AP. Methods Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database 2020 and the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes, we performed a retrospective study of adult patients admitted with AP. We compared inpatient outcomes of AP between males and females. The primary outcome was all-cause inpatient mortality. Secondary outcomes were length of stay (LOS), total healthcare cost utilization, incidence of acute renal failure (ARF), sepsis, shock, and the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. We used STATA Version 16.1 to perform the statistical analyses. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess if gender was an independent predictor for these outcomes and to adjust for any confounders. Results A total of 252,595 adult patients were admitted for AP in 2020. The mean age was 50.89 years, and 139,180 (55.1 %) of the patients were males. Female patients had a higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease (9.26% vs 8.47%, P < 0.01), congestive heart failure (6.48% vs 5.69%, P < 0.01), and obesity (23.37% vs 17.39%, P < 0.01). Male patients had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (27.32% vs 24.68%, P < 0.01), diabetes mellitus type 1 (1.32% vs 1.25%, P = 0.5), liver cirrhosis (1.81% vs 1.75%, P = 0.61), and smoking/tobacco use (39.38% vs 29.28%, P < 0.01). Females had significantly lower likelihood of in-hospital mortality (aOR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.51-0.82, P < 0.01), ARF (aOR 0.72, 95% CI: 0.68-0.76, P < 0.01), sepsis (aOR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.63-0.75, P < 0.01), and shock (aOR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.62-0.89, P < 0.01) than males. There was no statistically significant difference between LOS, total hospitalization charges, and ICU admission between the two genders. Conclusions We found that females had significantly improved clinical outcomes, including lower mortality, ARF, sepsis, and shock, as compared to males. There was no statistical difference between the two genders in LOS, total hospitalization charges, and ICU admission. Further prospective studies are needed to accurately understand these differences to guide clinical practice.
急性胰腺炎（AP）是一种常见的胃肠道疾病，常需住院治疗。我们研究的目的是调查性别是否会影响成年AP住院患者的治疗结果。方法：使用2020年全国住院患者样本（NIS）数据库和国际疾病分类第十版临床修订本（ICD-10-CM）编码，我们对成年AP住院患者进行了一项回顾性研究。我们比较了男性和女性AP患者的住院治疗结果。主要结局是全因住院死亡率。次要结局包括住院时间（LOS）、总医疗费用、急性肾衰竭（ARF）、脓毒症、休克的发生率以及重症监护病房（ICU）收治需求。我们使用STATA 16.1版进行统计分析。进行多变量逻辑回归分析以评估性别是否是这些结局的独立预测因素，并对任何混杂因素进行校正。结果：2020年共有252,595例成年患者因AP住院。平均年龄为50.89岁，其中139,180例（55.1%）为男性。女性患者慢性肾病患病率较高（9.26%对8.47%，P<0.01）、充血性心力衰竭患病率较高（6.48%对5.69%，P<0.01）以及肥胖患病率较高（23.37%对17.39%，P<0.01）。男性患者2型糖尿病患病率较高（27.32%对24.68%，P<0.01）、1型糖尿病患病率较高（1.32%对1.25%，P = 0.5）、肝硬化患病率较高（1.81%对1.75%，P = 0.61）以及吸烟/使用烟草患病率较高（39.38%对29.28%，P<0.01）。女性患者院内死亡（校正比值比：0.64，95%置信区间：0.51 - 0.82，P<0.01）、ARF（校正比值比0.72，95%置信区间：0.68 - 0.76，P<0.01）、脓毒症（校正比值比：0.68，95%置信区间：0.63 - 0.75，P<0.01）和休克（校正比值比：0.74，95%置信区间：0.62 - 0.89，P<0.01）的可能性显著低于男性。LOS、总住院费用和ICU收治在两性之间无统计学显著差异。结论：我们发现，与男性相比，女性的临床结局显著改善，包括死亡率、ARF、脓毒症和休克更低。LOS、总住院费用和ICU收治在两性之间无统计学差异。需要进一步的前瞻性研究以准确理解这些差异，从而指导临床实践。
