中国中老年人身体活动维度（强度、频率、持续时间和总量）与衰弱之间的关联。
Associations between dimensions of physical activity (intensity, frequency, duration, and volume) and frailty among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.
作者信息
Zhao Xiaoguang, Xue Kening, Xu Runze, Wang Chonghao, Ma Xinyao
机构信息
Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
Research Academy of Grand Health, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
出版信息
J Exerc Sci Fit. 2025 Jul;23(3):252-259. doi: 10.1016/j.jesf.2025.06.001. Epub 2025 Jun 3.
OBJECTIVES
Physical activity (PA) plays an essential role in preventing and delaying frailty. Although several studies have examined the association between PA and frailty in middle-aged and older adults, no research has considered all four PA dimensions including intensity, duration, frequency, and volume. This study examined the association between PA dimensions and the prevalence of frailty, and established PA cut-points for detecting the presence of frailty.
METHODS
A total of 9389 individuals aged 40 or older from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were involved in this cross-sectional study. Frailty was assessed using the frailty index, which was calculated by the health deficit items. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect information about PA intensity, duration, frequency, and volume. We employed logistic regression analysis to determine the associations between dimensions of PA and frailty, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to examine the optimal PA cut-point for predicting frailty according to gender and age.
RESULTS
The prevalence of frailty was 10.6 % in middle-aged and older adults. Spending at least 1-2 days, 10-29 min per day, and 10-149 min each week in vigorous-intensity PA, moderate-intensity PA or light-intensity PA were all related to a lower likelihood of frailty, with adjusted ORs (95 % CI) ranging from 0.21 (0.12, 0.37) to 0.56 (0.41, 0.75). A sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the association between the dimensions of PA and frailty remained unchanged after employing an alternative frailty criterion. ROC curves analysis indicated that the optimal PA cut-points to predict frailty were 733, 693, 693, and 471 MET-minutes per week for men, women, middle-aged adults, and older adults, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Regardless of PA intensity, even a short duration and low frequency of PA is linked to a lower likelihood of frailty. For middle-aged and older adults, the lower PA value may serve as an early sign indicating a greater prevalence of frailty. The findings provide insight into therapies aimed at preventing and treating frailty in middle-aged and older adults.
目的
身体活动在预防和延缓衰弱方面起着至关重要的作用。尽管已有多项研究探讨了身体活动与中老年人衰弱之间的关联，但尚无研究考虑身体活动的所有四个维度，即强度、持续时间、频率和总量。本研究探讨了身体活动各维度与衰弱患病率之间的关联，并确定了用于检测衰弱存在的身体活动切点。
方法
本横断面研究纳入了来自中国健康与养老追踪调查的9389名40岁及以上的个体。使用衰弱指数评估衰弱情况，该指数通过健康缺陷项目计算得出。采用自填式问卷收集有关身体活动强度、持续时间、频率和总量的信息。我们采用逻辑回归分析来确定身体活动各维度与衰弱之间的关联，并采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析来根据性别和年龄检验预测衰弱的最佳身体活动切点。
结果
中老年人的衰弱患病率为10.6%。每周进行至少1 - 2天、每天10 - 29分钟、每周10 - 149分钟的高强度身体活动、中等强度身体活动或低强度身体活动均与较低的衰弱可能性相关，调整后的比值比（95%置信区间）范围为0.21（0.12，0.37）至0.56（0.41，0.75）。敏感性分析表明，采用替代衰弱标准后，身体活动各维度与衰弱之间的关联保持不变。ROC曲线分析表明，预测衰弱的最佳身体活动切点分别为男性每周733代谢当量分钟、女性每周693代谢当量分钟、中年成年人每周693代谢当量分钟和老年人每周471代谢当量分钟。
结论
无论身体活动强度如何，即使持续时间短且频率低的身体活动也与较低的衰弱可能性相关。对于中老年人而言，较低的身体活动值可能是衰弱患病率较高的早期迹象。这些发现为旨在预防和治疗中老年人衰弱的疗法提供了见解。
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