Jawhar Duaa Salem, Khan Amer Hayat, Alam Khurshid
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Saqr Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Emirates Health Service, Ras al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
MethodsX. 2025 May 30;14:103399. doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2025.103399. eCollection 2025 Jun.
The rise of resistance to antibiotic agents continues to present a substantial challenge to healthcare systems. In response, antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) have been widely endorsed as a core strategy to promote the responsible use of antimicrobials and to curb the progression of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Pharmacist-led audit and feedback interventions hold significant promise due to pharmacists' clinical expertise and direct role in optimizing antimicrobial prescribing. However, despite their potential, the current body of evidence evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacist-led audit and feedback within ASPs remains limited and fragmented. A clearer understanding of their impact is essential to inform policy decisions, support broader implementation, and enhance the overall effectiveness of stewardship efforts. This protocol has been registered with the PROSPERO under the registration number CRD420251036088. The review will be conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.A comprehensive search will be carried out across four major databases, and studies will be selected based on clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The risk of bias in the included studies will be assessed using Cochrane riak of bias assessment tools. Publication bias will be examined using funnel plots and Egger's test. For the quantitative synthesis, a random-effects model will be employed.•This protocol outlines a rigorous plan for conducting a high-quality meta-analysis examining the impact of pharmacist-led audit and feedback interventions within antibiotic stewardship programs.•It details the full methodological framework, from topic selection through to the statistical approaches planned for data synthesis.•By publicly sharing our protocol through an academic publishing platform, we aim to promote transparency, invite constructive input, and contribute to raising the methodological standards for meta-analyses in the domain of antibiotic stewardship.
抗生素耐药性的不断上升继续给医疗保健系统带来重大挑战。作为应对措施，抗生素管理计划（ASP）已被广泛认可为促进抗菌药物合理使用和遏制抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）进展的核心策略。由于药剂师在优化抗菌药物处方方面的临床专业知识和直接作用，由药剂师主导的审核与反馈干预措施具有重大前景。然而，尽管其具有潜力，但目前评估ASP中由药剂师主导的审核与反馈有效性的证据仍然有限且零散。更清楚地了解其影响对于为政策决策提供信息、支持更广泛的实施以及提高管理工作的整体有效性至关重要。本方案已在PROSPERO注册，注册号为CRD420251036088。该综述将按照PRISMA指南进行。将在四个主要数据库中进行全面检索，并将根据明确界定的纳入和排除标准选择研究。将使用Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具评估纳入研究中的偏倚风险。将使用漏斗图和Egger检验检查发表偏倚。对于定量合成，将采用随机效应模型。
•本方案概述了一项严谨的计划，用于进行一项高质量的荟萃分析，以检验抗生素管理计划中由药剂师主导的审核与反馈干预措施的影响。
•它详细阐述了完整的方法框架，从主题选择到计划用于数据合成的统计方法。
•通过在学术出版平台上公开分享我们的方案，我们旨在提高透明度，征求建设性意见，并有助于提高抗生素管理领域荟萃分析的方法标准。
