Conklin Annalijn I, Safari Abdollah, Veenstra Gerry, Khan Nadia A
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes, Providence Health Care Research Institute, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 20;20(6):e0309634. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309634. eCollection 2025.
Synergistic effects of diverse social supports (informational, tangible, emotional and belonging) on cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVRF), by gender, is unknown.
To quantify gender differences in the singular and combined associations of four different forms of social support with cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVRF) in aging adults.
Cross-sectional study of 28,779 adults (45-85 years) in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging Comprehensive cohort (2011-15); independent variables were self-reported measures of informational, tangible, emotional and belonging support; dependent variables were clinically measured BMI, waist circumference and blood pressure. We used stratified multivariable linear and logistic regression with principal component regression with cross-product terms to post-estimate adjusted means and 95% CIs for combined associations.
All low-low support combinations were consistently associated with the highest adjusted mean BMI and WC levels among women. Adjusted mean BMI differences were largest among women with low informational and low tangible supports (27.95 kg/m2 [27.93, 27.97]), compared to women with high informational and high tangible supports (27.34 kg/m2 [27.30, 27.38]). Similarly, the greatest difference in adjusted mean WC was seen among women with low informational and low emotional supports (88.69 cm [88.62, 88.76]) compared to the high-high combination (86.88 cm [86.75, 87.01]). Women with low availability of informational support, with or without deficits in a second support type, had the highest adjusted mean SBP levels (range: 119.94 to 119.95 mmHg). Among men, mean CVRFs were not consistently worse for combinations of dual deficits in social support. Results were null for DBP.
Women with two deficits in social supports, particularly combinations with low informational support, showed worse CVRF measures than one social support deficit. Results indicated no antagonistic/synergistic effects of social support on CVRFs. Heart health care and prevention for aging women would benefit from ensuring informational support with other supports is available.
不同类型社会支持（信息性、实质性、情感性和归属感）对心血管疾病风险因素（CVRF）的协同作用，以及性别差异尚不清楚。
量化四种不同形式的社会支持与老年人心血管疾病风险因素（CVRF）的单一及联合关联中的性别差异。
对加拿大老龄化纵向研究综合队列（2011 - 2015年）中的28779名成年人（45 - 85岁）进行横断面研究；自变量为自我报告的信息性、实质性、情感性和归属感支持的测量值；因变量为临床测量的体重指数（BMI）、腰围和血压。我们使用分层多变量线性和逻辑回归以及带有交叉乘积项的主成分回归来估计调整后的均值和联合关联的95%置信区间。
在女性中，所有低 - 低支持组合始终与最高的调整后平均BMI和腰围水平相关。与具有高信息性和高实质性支持的女性（27.34kg/m² [27.30, 27.38]）相比，信息性和实质性支持低的女性调整后平均BMI差异最大（27.95kg/m² [27.93, 27.97]）。同样，与高 - 高组合（86.88cm [86.75, 87.01]）相比，信息性和情感性支持低的女性调整后平均腰围差异最大（88.69cm [88.62, 88.76]）。信息性支持可用性低的女性，无论是否存在第二种支持类型的不足，其调整后平均收缩压水平最高（范围：119.94至119.95mmHg）。在男性中，社会支持双重不足的组合的平均CVRF并非始终更差。舒张压结果为无差异。
社会支持存在两种不足的女性，特别是信息性支持低的组合，其CVRF指标比一种社会支持不足的情况更差。结果表明社会支持对CVRF没有拮抗/协同作用。确保为老年女性提供信息性支持以及其他支持，将有益于心脏健康护理和预防。
