Nikzad Sakineh, Zare Azin, Atri Faezeh, Jafarpour Dana, Zare Shahram, Azari Abbas
Int J Prosthodont. 2025 Jun 20;0(0):1-21. doi: 10.11607/ijp.9205.
The impact of varying thicknesses and densities of nano hydroxyapatite (n-HA) coating on the microshear bond strength (μSBS) of zirconia ceramics to resin cements is not well investigated.
This study aimed to assess the impact of nano hydroxyapatite coating of different concentrations on the microshear bond strength of zirconia ceramics to resin cements.
48 Cercon Y-TZP blocks (4×4×4 mm) were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12); 1) Control group, 2) 5gr n-HA coating, 3) 10gr n-HA coating, and 4) 15gr n-HA coating. The specimens were sintered at 1250°C. The thickness of the coatings was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were carried out to characterize the surface. All specimens were then bonded to Panavia F2.0 cement. Microshear bond testing was carried out using a universal testing machine. Stereomicroscope imaging was used to evaluate the zirconia surface failure mode. The data were analyzed using Kruskall-wallis and Mann-whitney test and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The mean μSBS value of the 5gr n-HA coated group with a thickness of 7.71±2.51 micron was 28.30±3.02 Mpa, which was significantly higher than the control group with the mean value of 19.94±1.86 Mpa (P<0.05). The mean μSBS value of the 10gr and 15gr n-HA with thicker coatings were 21.66±3.63 Mpa and 15.23±3.34 Mpa, respectively. Additionally, the main mode of failure for the 5gr n-HA group was a mixed failue. In contrast, the adhesive mode of failure was more dominant in the control group. EDS and XRD analysis revealed the formation of crystalline HA on zirconia blocks, highlighting the predominant zirconia peak at 32°. The SEM analysis of the coated specimens displayed a uniform layer of n-HA coating with evident cracks which were filled with the resin cement. These cracks themselves can help increase the bond strength between ceramic and resin cement.
A thin coating of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite on zirconia surface can be effective in enhancing the micro shear bond strength of these ceramics to resin cements. The microshear bond strength of nHA-coated zirconia significantly improved compared to the untreated specimens.
纳米羟基磷灰石（n-HA）涂层的不同厚度和密度对氧化锆陶瓷与树脂水门汀的微剪切粘结强度（μSBS）的影响尚未得到充分研究。
本研究旨在评估不同浓度的纳米羟基磷灰石涂层对氧化锆陶瓷与树脂水门汀微剪切粘结强度的影响。
将48个Cercon Y-TZP块（4×4×4毫米）随机分为4组（n = 12）；1）对照组，2）5克n-HA涂层组，3）10克n-HA涂层组，4）15克n-HA涂层组。标本在1250°C下烧结。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对涂层厚度进行表征。进行能量色散光谱（EDS）和X射线衍射（XRD）分析以表征表面。然后将所有标本与Panavia F2.0水门汀粘结。使用万能试验机进行微剪切粘结测试。使用立体显微镜成像评估氧化锆表面的失效模式。使用Kruskal-wallis和Mann-whitney检验分析数据，P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
5克n-HA涂层组的平均μSBS值为28.30±3.02兆帕，涂层厚度为7.71±2.51微米，显著高于对照组的平均值19.94±1.86兆帕（P<0.05）。涂层较厚的10克和15克n-HA的平均μSBS值分别为21.66±3.63兆帕和15.23±3.34兆帕。此外，5克n-HA组的主要失效模式是混合失效。相比之下，对照组中粘结失效模式更为主要。EDS和XRD分析显示在氧化锆块上形成了结晶HA，突出了32°处的主要氧化锆峰。涂层标本的SEM分析显示n-HA涂层均匀，有明显裂缝，裂缝中填充有树脂水门汀。这些裂缝本身有助于提高陶瓷与树脂水门汀之间的粘结强度。
氧化锆表面的纳米晶羟基磷灰石薄涂层可有效提高这些陶瓷与树脂水门汀的微剪切粘结强度。与未处理的标本相比，nHA涂层氧化锆的微剪切粘结强度显著提高。
