Abzhandadze Tamar, Molnar Peter, Viktorisson Adam, Ögren Mikael, Sunnerhagen Katharina S, Stockfelt Leo, Palstam Annie
Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 20;15(1):20218. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06639-w.
Mounting evidence supports associations between air pollution and noise exposure and cardiovascular events; however, the relationships at low exposure levels and for stroke outcomes remain uncertain. The aim was to investigate the associations between environmental exposures over 1-year and 10-year periods and both stroke severity and stroke type in a registry-based cohort including people with stroke residing in a low-pollution area of Sweden. Patients with stroke admitted to the Sahlgrenska University Hospital from 2014 to 2019 were included. Stroke severity was assessed with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and stroke types were ischemic and hemorrhagic. Annual residential environmental exposures (road traffic noise (L,), inhalable particulate matter (PM), and nitrogen oxides (NO)) were assigned from high-resolution dispersion models to participants one year and for ten years prior to stroke, respectively. Of 4066 patients, 1965 (48.3%) were women. The mean (± SD) age was 73.6 (14.0) years. A total of 1563 (28%) had moderate to severe stroke, and 3603 (88.6%) had ischemic stroke. We did not find significant associations between environmental exposures (L, NO, PM) and stroke severity nor stroke type. The generally low levels of exposure and low variance of these environmental factors might explain the lack of observed associations.
越来越多的证据支持空气污染和噪声暴露与心血管事件之间存在关联；然而，低暴露水平与中风结局之间的关系仍不确定。本研究旨在调查在一个基于登记的队列中，1年和10年期间的环境暴露与中风严重程度及中风类型之间的关联，该队列包括居住在瑞典低污染地区的中风患者。纳入了2014年至2019年在萨尔格伦斯卡大学医院住院的中风患者。采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评估中风严重程度，中风类型分为缺血性和出血性。分别根据高分辨率扩散模型为参与者分配中风前1年和10年的年度居住环境暴露（道路交通噪声（L）、可吸入颗粒物（PM）和氮氧化物（NO））。4066例患者中，1965例（48.3%）为女性。平均（±标准差）年龄为73.6（14.0）岁。共有1563例（28%）发生中度至重度中风，3603例（88.6%）发生缺血性中风。我们未发现环境暴露（L、NO、PM）与中风严重程度或中风类型之间存在显著关联。这些环境因素普遍较低的暴露水平和低变异性可能解释了未观察到关联的原因。
