Systematic review of silver and vanadium-based antibiofilm agents: mechanisms and efficacy in oral biofilms.

AIM

To review the literature on the efficacy of silver (Ag) and vanadium (V) in disorganizing and eradicating oral biofilms (OB).

MATERIALS & METHODS: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with searches performed in PubMed, Lilacs, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ProQuest databases.

RESULTS

Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) showed efficacy in disorganizing and eradicating OB of , and , but were less effective against . Vanadium chloroperoxidase (VCPO) disorganized OB of and eradicated . The association of Ag and V in the compound β-AgVO showed high biofilm eradicating effect.

CONCLUSION

Ag exhibits significant antibiofilm effect against Gram-positive and Gram-negative oral bacteria, with limited activity against . The antibiofilm activity of V compounds requires further validation. The association of Ag and V presented efficacy in eradicating OB. These findings highlight the potential for integrating Ag and V compounds into dental materials to enhance oral health. Despite methodological heterogeneity and limitations in evaluating unispecies biofilms under in vitro conditions, future research should standardize methodologies and validate these effects in vivo to assess their clinical potential.