Srivastava Ankur, Meena Pradeep Kumar, Patane Prashant Mahadev, Meena Dinesh, Shelare Sagar, Wagle Chandrika S
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Central Workshop, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India.
Water Environ Res. 2025 Jun;97(6):e70119. doi: 10.1002/wer.70119.
This paper explores the materials used to construct biogas digesters, essential for sustainable energy production. The study investigates various materials, such as thermoplastics like polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE), as well as traditional construction elements like masonry, stone, and concrete. It considers metals such as steel and composite materials, which all contribute to the efficacy and strength of biogas digesters. This review's primary goal is to compare these materials' properties, evaluate their structural and functional roles, and determine their suitability for various digester designs. Through a qualitative analysis of existing research, this study highlights innovative ways to integrate multiple materials to enhance biogas technology. Additionally, it looks at the efficiency of ferrous alloys, thermoplastics (PVC, PE, HDPE), cement, and stone digesters-all used to store gas. According to the findings, cement-based materials are the most common choice for small-scale home digesters because of their lifespan and resilience. On the other hand, the selection of materials for commercial or large-scale biogas facilities is contingent upon environmental factors and material attributes, such as thermal, electrical, and physical qualities. However, because plastic digesters are flexible, reusable, and chemical resistant, they are becoming a good substitute in areas where shipping and material availability are problems. SUMMARY: This review's primary goal is to compare thermoplastics, traditional materials, metals, and composites for biogas digester durability and structural efficiency. Cement-based materials dominate small-scale domestic digesters due to resilience, longevity, and cost-effectiveness. Large-scale facilities prioritize material properties (thermal, electrical) and environmental factors for optimal design. Plastic digesters emerge as portable, chemical-resistant solutions in resource-limited regions with logistical challenges. Innovative material integration enhances biogas technology, balancing functionality and sustainability through qualitative research.
本文探讨了用于建造沼气池的材料，这对可持续能源生产至关重要。该研究调查了各种材料，如聚氯乙烯（PVC）、聚乙烯（PE）和高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）等热塑性塑料，以及砖石、石材和混凝土等传统建筑材料。它还考虑了钢铁等金属和复合材料，这些都对沼气池的效能和强度有贡献。本综述的主要目标是比较这些材料的性能，评估它们的结构和功能作用，并确定它们对各种沼气池设计的适用性。通过对现有研究的定性分析，本研究突出了整合多种材料以提升沼气技术的创新方法。此外，它还研究了黑色金属合金、热塑性塑料（PVC、PE、HDPE）、水泥和石材沼气池的效率——所有这些都用于储存气体。根据研究结果，水泥基材料因其使用寿命和韧性而成为小型家用沼气池最常见的选择。另一方面，商业或大型沼气设施的材料选择取决于环境因素和材料属性，如热、电和物理性质。然而，由于塑料沼气池具有柔韧性、可重复使用性和耐化学性，它们在运输和材料供应存在问题的地区正成为一种很好的替代品。总结：本综述的主要目标是比较热塑性塑料、传统材料、金属和复合材料在沼气池耐久性和结构效率方面的表现。水泥基材料由于其韧性、长寿性和成本效益，在小型家用沼气池领域占主导地位。大型设施在优化设计时优先考虑材料属性（热、电）和环境因素。在存在后勤挑战的资源有限地区，塑料沼气池成为便于携带、耐化学性的解决方案。通过定性研究，创新的材料整合提升了沼气技术，平衡了功能性和可持续性。
