Horton Miles, Nguyen Mai-Linh, Mateus Twitchell Michelle
Medicine, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, USA.
Internal Medicine, Palmetto General Hospital, Miami, USA.
Cureus. 2025 May 23;17(5):e84689. doi: 10.7759/cureus.84689. eCollection 2025 May.
Autoimmune encephalitis is a group of conditions characterized by a rapid onset of neurological symptoms, such as seizures and cognitive impairment, along with psychiatric disturbances such as behavioral changes and psychosis. Viral infections are common, well-documented triggers, but the role of bacterial pathogens, particularly , remains poorly understood. has been implicated in autoimmune encephalitis previously, but reported cases are rare. This report presents a case of -induced seronegative autoimmune encephalitis in a previously healthy adult, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and the need for early recognition. The patient, a 37-year-old man with a past medical history of asthma, presented with encephalopathy and confusion following a fall in the shower a few hours previously. He then experienced refractory seizures necessitating intensive immunosuppressive and antimicrobial therapy. After a four-month hospital stay, primarily in the ICU, the patient returned to his baseline and was discharged home after four days without experiencing any new neurological deficits or seizures. Given the potential for delayed diagnosis and severe neurological complications, increased clinical awareness and further research are needed to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for -associated autoimmune encephalitis.
自身免疫性脑炎是一组以迅速出现神经症状(如癫痫发作和认知障碍)以及精神障碍(如行为改变和精神病)为特征的疾病。病毒感染是常见的、有充分记录的触发因素,但细菌病原体的作用,尤其是[此处原文缺失细菌病原体具体名称],仍知之甚少。[此处原文缺失细菌病原体具体名称]先前已被认为与自身免疫性脑炎有关,但报告的病例很少。本报告介绍了一例先前健康的成年人因[此处原文缺失细菌病原体具体名称]诱发的血清阴性自身免疫性脑炎病例,突出了诊断挑战以及早期识别的必要性。该患者为一名37岁男性,有哮喘病史,在数小时前淋浴时摔倒后出现脑病和意识模糊。随后他经历了难治性癫痫发作,需要强化免疫抑制和抗菌治疗。经过四个月的住院治疗,主要在重症监护病房,患者恢复到基线状态,四天后出院,未出现任何新的神经功能缺损或癫痫发作。鉴于存在诊断延迟和严重神经并发症的可能性,需要提高临床意识并进行进一步研究,以改善与[此处原文缺失细菌病原体具体名称]相关的自身免疫性脑炎的诊断和治疗策略。