Trejos Pino Javier Vicente, Rodriguez Delgado Juan Carlos
Department of Infectious Diseases, Guayaquil National Police Teaching Hospital, Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil, (Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil), Guayaquil 090510, Ecuador.
Radiological Studies and Diagnostic Imaging Center of Ecuador (CERID Ecuador), University of Guayaquil (Universidad de Guayaquil), Guayaquil 090510, Ecuador.
Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2025 Jun 12;2025:5960643. doi: 10.1155/cjid/5960643. eCollection 2025.
Neurolisteriosis is a listerial invasive disease, which is characterized by brain parenchymal and meningeal involvement, with a high fatality rate and frequent neurological sequelae. The main clinical presentations of neurolisteriosis are meningitis, meningoencephalitis, rhombencephalitis, and brain abscess. Neuroradiological imaging is useful to distinguish these clinical presentations. The diagnosis of neurolisteriosis may be confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid or blood cultures, but these tests may have different yields depending on the clinical presentation of neurolisteriosis. The elderly and immunocompromised patients are the most susceptible population to developing neurolisteriosis, and few cases occur in healthy young people. This disease is caused by , a foodborne pathogen with an intracellular life cycle, which can be found in processed foods, and it remains the third cause of bacterial meningitis in adults. Most cases of neurolisteriosis are community-acquired, but several hospital-acquired cases and outbreaks have been reported in the literature and linked to the consumption of food served to inpatients. Aminopenicillins are the antibiotics with the highest impact on the prognosis of neurolisteriosis, and alternative antimicrobial therapies must be considered in those cases where a first-choice antibiotic cannot be administered or with antibiotic treatment failure. In this article, the epidemiology, sources of infection, pathogenesis, and clinical aspects of neurolisteriosis are reviewed, highlighting the main clinical presentations of the disease. Relevant information regarding hospital-acquired neurolisteriosis is also included to provide a framework for discussing nosocomial cases definition.
神经李斯特菌病是一种李斯特菌侵袭性疾病，其特征是脑实质和脑膜受累，病死率高且常有神经后遗症。神经李斯特菌病的主要临床表现为脑膜炎、脑膜脑炎、菱形脑炎和脑脓肿。神经放射影像学有助于区分这些临床表现。神经李斯特菌病的诊断可通过脑脊液或血培养确诊，但这些检查的阳性率可能因神经李斯特菌病的临床表现而异。老年人和免疫功能低下患者是最易患神经李斯特菌病的人群，健康年轻人中很少发病。这种疾病由一种食源性病原体引起，该病原体具有细胞内生命周期，可在加工食品中发现，它仍是成人细菌性脑膜炎的第三大病因。大多数神经李斯特菌病病例为社区获得性，但文献中已报道了几例医院获得性病例和暴发事件，并与给住院患者提供的食物消费有关。氨芐青霉素是对神经李斯特菌病预后影响最大的抗生素，在无法使用首选抗生素或抗生素治疗失败的情况下，必须考虑使用替代抗菌疗法。本文综述了神经李斯特菌病的流行病学、感染源、发病机制和临床方面，重点介绍了该疾病的主要临床表现。还包括有关医院获得性神经李斯特菌病的相关信息，以提供讨论医院感染病例定义的框架。
