Huang Guimin, Wang Qian, Chang Li, Ye Siyu, Liu Junting, Lu Yingxia, Li Tao, Zhan Xiaojun, Liang Jieqiong, Cheng Yijing, Gu Qinglong
Child Health Big Data Research Center, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Nat Sci Sleep. 2025 Jun 17;17:1391-1404. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S521415. eCollection 2025.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition in children, linked to significant health risks. However, the impact of gender, age, and obesity on OSA severity remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore how these factors influence OSA in pediatric patients.
This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sleep Center of the Children's Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Institute of Pediatrics from January 2017 to May 2023. We included children aged 0 to 15 years diagnosed with OSA via overnight polysomnography (PSG). Demographic data, including gender, age, and body measurements, were collected. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) were recorded. Data analysis included one-way ANOVA for continuous variables, chi-square tests for proportions, linear trend analysis for changes across age and OSA severity, and Pearson/partial correlations for associations between BMI, AHI, and other variables.
The study involved 4668 children, with a mean age of 5.3 years, 62.3% of whom were boys. Boys had the highest Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) (8.8 ± 7.9). The 0-2 years age group exhibited the highest AHI (10.7 ± 9.8), while the obese group had the highest AHI (13.9 ± 19.8). Logistic regression analysis revealed that male gender (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.11-1.43), age 0-2 years (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.09-2.04), and obesity (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.09-1.52) were significantly associated with moderate to severe OSA.
This study underscores the complex roles of gender, age, and obesity in pediatric OSA severity. Boys, especially those in the 0-2 years age group, had more severe OSA than girls, and obesity exacerbated OSA severity. These findings may guide improved screening and management strategies for pediatric OSA.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）在儿童中很常见，与重大健康风险相关。然而，性别、年龄和肥胖对OSA严重程度的影响仍知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨这些因素如何影响儿科患者的OSA。
本横断面研究于2017年1月至2023年5月在首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院睡眠中心进行。我们纳入了通过夜间多导睡眠图（PSG）诊断为OSA的0至15岁儿童。收集了人口统计学数据，包括性别、年龄和身体测量数据。记录了呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）和氧饱和度下降指数（ODI）。数据分析包括对连续变量进行单因素方差分析、对比例进行卡方检验、对年龄和OSA严重程度的变化进行线性趋势分析，以及对BMI、AHI和其他变量之间的关联进行Pearson/偏相关分析。
该研究涉及4668名儿童，平均年龄为5.3岁，其中62.3%为男孩。男孩的呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）最高（8.8±7.9）。0至2岁年龄组的AHI最高（10.7±9.8），而肥胖组的AHI最高（13.9±19.8）。逻辑回归分析显示，男性（OR = 1.2，95% CI：1.11 - 1.43）、0至2岁年龄（OR = 1.49，95% CI：1.09 - 2.04）和肥胖（OR = 1.29，95% CI：1.09 - 1.52）与中度至重度OSA显著相关。
本研究强调了性别、年龄和肥胖在儿科OSA严重程度中的复杂作用。男孩，尤其是0至2岁年龄组的男孩，OSA比女孩更严重，且肥胖会加剧OSA的严重程度。这些发现可能有助于指导改进儿科OSA的筛查和管理策略。
