Vishvakarma Vijay Kumar, Kumar Gyanendra, Kumar Sandeep, Masram Dhanraj T
Delhi School of Skill Enhancement & Entrepreneurship Development, Institution of Eminence, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India.
Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India.
ACS Omega. 2025 Jun 3;10(23):24307-24319. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c00242. eCollection 2025 Jun 17.
In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized using an improved Hummers method. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared using a simple mixing method. The synthesis of DES-GO composites is employed to increase the thermal stability of flame retardants. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam is widely recognized due to its advantageous properties, including low weight, thermal insulation, and impact resistance. However, its inherent flammability poses significant safety risks. This study investigates the development of innovative green flame-retardant coatings for EPS by incorporating DES and DES-GO composite. These eco-friendly coatings are engineered to improve flame resistance while ensuring optimal mechanical integrity, thermal stability, adhesion, and water resistance. The findings demonstrate that DES and GO provide exceptional flame-retardant performance by forming thermally stable carbonaceous layers, effectively suppressing heat and smoke generation during combustion. Additionally, density functional theory analyses reveal insights into the formation mechanisms of DES and DES-GO composite materials. Annealing molecular dynamics simulation reveals the adhesion behavior and stability at elevated temperatures for the number of cycles. Vertical flammability tests and limiting oxygen index measurements confirm significant improvements in the flame resistance for EPS foam. This study paves the way for safer, greener, and more effective flame-retardant solutions for EPS, promoting advancements in fire safety technology with enhanced environmental sustainability.
在本研究中，采用改进的Hummers法合成了氧化石墨烯（GO）。使用简单的混合方法制备了低共熔溶剂（DESs）。采用DES-GO复合材料的合成方法来提高阻燃剂的热稳定性。发泡聚苯乙烯（EPS）泡沫因其具有重量轻、隔热和抗冲击等优点而被广泛认可。然而，其固有的易燃性带来了重大安全风险。本研究通过加入DES和DES-GO复合材料，研究了用于EPS的新型绿色阻燃涂料的开发。这些环保型涂料旨在提高阻燃性，同时确保最佳的机械完整性、热稳定性、附着力和耐水性。研究结果表明，DES和GO通过形成热稳定的碳质层提供了卓越的阻燃性能，有效地抑制了燃烧过程中的热量和烟雾产生。此外，密度泛函理论分析揭示了DES和DES-GO复合材料的形成机制。退火分子动力学模拟揭示了在一定循环次数下高温时的粘附行为和稳定性。垂直燃烧试验和极限氧指数测量证实了EPS泡沫的阻燃性有显著提高。本研究为EPS更安全、更绿色、更有效的阻燃解决方案铺平了道路，推动了具有更高环境可持续性的消防安全技术的进步。
