Shi Kai, Zhou Xiao, Dai Jiuli, Jia Jiawei, Dong Guozeng, Wang Yongheng, Shen Yangyang, Chen Shufang
Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Livestock and Poultry Research, Ningbo, China.
Ningbo Key Laboratory of White Goose Germplasm Resource Innovation and Ecological Farming, Ningbo, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jun 6;16:1598365. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1598365. eCollection 2025.
Animal reproduction is a highly complex process influenced by numerous factors, and previous study has suggested that (HH) may have potential benefits for swine reproduction. Building on these findings, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of HH supplementation on sows' hormone levels, antioxidant capacity, host metabolism, and gut microbiota.
Twenty healthy Large-Yorkshire sows with similar physical conditions were randomly divided into four groups based on the principle of similar weight (). The control group was fed a basal diet, while the treatment groups received the basal diet supplemented with 5 × 10, 5 × 10, and 5 × 10 CFU/sow of HH. Supplementation with HH was administered every three days over a treatment duration of 30 days. Serum and feces of sows were collected at the end of the experiment.
Dietary HH supplementation significantly increased the estrogen concentration in sows but did not alter the levels of FSH, progestogen, or antioxidative capacity (T-AOC, SOD, and MDA). 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that HH treatment altered the gut microbial composition and metabolism, increasing the relative abundance of Roseburia, , , , and in the HH group. Further metabolomic analysis suggested that the differentially accumulated metabolites from serum and feces involved changes in the metabolism of pyrimidine and tryptophan, as well as alterations in steroid hormone biosynthesis.
Our findings suggest that dietary supplementation with has the potential to modulate host estrogen levels through the regulation of gut microbiota and host metabolism. This mechanism may serve as a novel and promising approach for influencing reproductive performance in sows.
动物繁殖是一个受众多因素影响的高度复杂过程，先前的研究表明，（HH）可能对猪的繁殖具有潜在益处。基于这些发现，本研究的目的是调查补充HH对母猪激素水平、抗氧化能力、宿主代谢和肠道微生物群的影响。
根据体重相似的原则，将20头身体状况相似的健康大白母猪随机分为四组（）。对照组饲喂基础日粮，而处理组在基础日粮中分别添加5×10、5×10和5×10 CFU/头的HH。在30天的处理期内，每三天补充一次HH。实验结束时收集母猪的血清和粪便。
日粮中添加HH显著提高了母猪的雌激素浓度，但未改变促卵泡素、孕激素或抗氧化能力（总抗氧化能力、超氧化物歧化酶和丙二醛）的水平。16S rRNA测序表明，HH处理改变了肠道微生物组成和代谢，增加了HH组中罗氏菌属、、、和的相对丰度。进一步的代谢组学分析表明，血清和粪便中差异积累的代谢物涉及嘧啶和色氨酸代谢的变化，以及类固醇激素生物合成的改变。
我们的研究结果表明，日粮中添加有潜力通过调节肠道微生物群和宿主代谢来调节宿主雌激素水平。这种机制可能是影响母猪繁殖性能的一种新的、有前景的方法。
