Kuang Xiaodan, Ding Pan, Tian Liuhong, Shi Hongying, Wang Shize
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jun 9;13:1538261. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1538261. eCollection 2025.
We aimed to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) trajectories and subsequent healthy aging in Chinese older adults.
A prospective, population-based cohort study. Older adults (≥60 years) from the Chinese Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey with three measurements of BMI (2008, 2011, 2014) were eligible for follow-up. Healthy aging was evaluated in 2018 and was defined as being free of major chronic diseases, no physical limitations, no cognitive impairment, and good mental health. We identified BMI trajectories by latent class growth modeling and explored their association with healthy aging by logistic regression model.
Of 2,698 older Chinese (median [IQR] age: 78.00 [71.00, 86.00] years; female: 51.82%), 518 (19.20%) participants had reached healthy aging after follow-up. Three BMI trajectories were identified: low-normal stable (49.30%), normal slight increase (43.07%), and overweight to obesity (7.64%). Compared with the normal slight increase trajectory, the overweight to obesity trajectory had significantly lower odds of healthy aging ( = 0.57, 95%: 0.36, 0.93). Interestingly, among the four dimensions of healthy aging, the low-normal stable trajectory was associated with lower odds of no cognitive impairment, and the overweight to obesity trajectory was associated with lower odds of no major chronic diseases. Additionally, higher BMI variability was associated with lower odds of healthy aging independent of baseline BMI.
Maintaining weight to stave off the transition from overweight to obesity is crucial for healthy aging among older Chinese. The findings underscore the critical importance of monitoring dynamic changes in BMI in older Chinese adults.
我们旨在探讨中国老年人的体重指数（BMI）轨迹与随后的健康老龄化之间的关联。
一项基于人群的前瞻性队列研究。来自中国老年健康长寿纵向调查的老年人（≥60岁），有三次BMI测量值（2008年、2011年、2014年），符合随访条件。2018年对健康老龄化进行评估，定义为无重大慢性病、无身体限制、无认知障碍且心理健康良好。我们通过潜在类别增长模型确定BMI轨迹，并通过逻辑回归模型探讨其与健康老龄化的关联。
在2698名中国老年人中（年龄中位数[四分位间距]：78.00[71.00, 86.00]岁；女性：51.82%），518名（19.20%）参与者在随访后达到健康老龄化。确定了三种BMI轨迹：低正常稳定型（49.30%）、正常轻微上升型（43.07%）和超重至肥胖型（7.64%）。与正常轻微上升轨迹相比，超重至肥胖轨迹实现健康老龄化的几率显著更低（比值比=0.57，95%置信区间：0.36，0.93）。有趣的是，在健康老龄化的四个维度中，低正常稳定轨迹与无认知障碍几率较低相关，超重至肥胖轨迹与无重大慢性病几率较低相关。此外，较高的BMI变异性与健康老龄化几率较低相关，且独立于基线BMI。
维持体重以避免从超重转变为肥胖对中国老年人的健康老龄化至关重要。这些发现强调了监测中国老年人BMI动态变化的至关重要性。
