Sridhar Varun, Wu Chien-Ting, Chattopadhyay Surojit
Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, #155, Section 2, Li Nong Street, Beitou District, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
National Applied Research Laboratories, Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 Jul 9;17(27):39584-39594. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5c04527. Epub 2025 Jun 24.
Photothermal (PT) and photothermoelectric (PTE) energy conversions are emerging research topics. Innovative material designs integrating energy harvesting and PT conversions are sought to drive these hybrid systems. Here, we report a study of a popular photovoltaic material CsCuSbCl (CCSC), which, when combined with bulk MoS into a rational composite, demonstrates exceptional PT/PTE energy conversion upon near-infrared (NIR) illumination for small power applications. Comprehensive structural, composition, and optical characterization of pure CCSC, MoS, and their phase-pure mixtures helped us to optimize a composite that demonstrated a synergistic PT conversion. Thermal conductivity () modeling of the composite based on CCSC's low (0.32 W m K) and MoS's superior thermal conductivity (155 W m K) with measured optical power absorption could explain the PT/PTE behavior. The 75% CCSC composite demonstrated a maximum temperature differential (Δ) of ∼30 °C, and PTE voltage and current output of 500 mV and 105 mA, respectively, on a TE generator corresponding to a maximum power density of 3.26 mW cm and efficiency of 7.26 × 10% under a 3000 K lamp at 450 mW cm. The optimized PTE device successfully charged a 40 mAh Li-ion battery within 180 s under 3000 K illumination. For NIR photodetection, the composites showed high responsivity under 808 and 980 nm lasers, with the 75% CCSC sample excelling at 808 nm with ∼9 × 10 V W and the 100% CCSC sample leading at 980 nm with ∼8.2 × 10 V W.
光热（PT）和光热电（PTE）能量转换是新兴的研究课题。人们正在寻求整合能量收集和PT转换的创新材料设计，以推动这些混合系统的发展。在此，我们报告了一项关于一种常见光伏材料CsCuSbCl（CCSC）的研究，当它与块状MoS结合形成一种合理的复合材料时，在近红外（NIR）光照下，对于小功率应用展现出卓越的PT/PTE能量转换性能。对纯CCSC、MoS及其纯相混合物进行全面的结构、成分和光学表征，有助于我们优化一种展现协同PT转换的复合材料。基于CCSC的低热导率（0.32 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹）和MoS的高热导率（155 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹）以及测量的光功率吸收对该复合材料进行的热导率（κ）建模，可以解释PT/PTE行为。75% CCSC的复合材料在3000 K灯、450 mW cm⁻²光照下，在一个热电器件上表现出约30 °C的最大温差（ΔT），以及分别为500 mV和105 mA的PTE电压和电流输出，对应最大功率密度为3.26 mW cm⁻²，效率为7.26×10⁻³%。优化后的PTE器件在3000 K光照下180 s内成功为一个40 mAh的锂离子电池充电。对于近红外光探测，这些复合材料在808和980 nm激光下表现出高响应度，75% CCSC样品在808 nm时表现出色，响应度约为9×10⁻² A W⁻¹，100% CCSC样品在980 nm时领先，响应度约为8.2×10⁻² A W⁻¹。
