Kitano Taito, Asai Yusuke, Koizumi Ryuji, Ohmagari Norio, Tsuzuki Shinya
AMR Clinical Reference Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan.
Disease Control and Prevention Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Infect Dis Ther. 2025 Jun 24. doi: 10.1007/s40121-025-01175-6.
Women are more often prescribed antibiotics than men for a number of health conditions. Adults' behaviours in engaging with healthcare for themselves, especially when attending appointments with a child with a respiratory tract infection for whom they provide care, may contribute to the gender differences in antimicrobial use. This study aimed to evaluate gender differences in caregivers' attendance at healthcare visits for children with respiratory tract infections, their behaviours in engaging with healthcare for themselves and their children, and associated antibiotic prescriptions.
An online survey was conducted among Japanese caregivers, asking about children's healthcare visits and prescriptions for antimicrobials associated with respiratory tract infections, who accompanied them and whether the caregiver attended a simultaneous healthcare visit for themselves. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate factors associated with caregivers' attendance at children's healthcare visits and responders' simultaneous healthcare visits.
Among the 1664 participants, 1091 accompanied their children to healthcare visits. Female responders were significantly more likely to accompany their child (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 6.76 [95% confidence interval (CI) 5.00-9.15], p < 0.001). Participants with higher education levels were less likely to require a simultaneous healthcare visit (aOR 0.56 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.33-0.94], p = 0.029). Other covariates, including participants' gender, were not significantly associated with simultaneous healthcare visits.
Women were more likely to accompany a child to a healthcare visit for a respiratory tract infection. However, they were no more likely to require a simultaneous healthcare visit, or receive antibiotics at those simultaneous visits.
在许多健康状况下，女性比男性更常被开具抗生素处方。成年人在为自己寻求医疗服务时的行为，尤其是在陪同患有呼吸道感染的孩子就诊时，可能导致了抗菌药物使用上的性别差异。本研究旨在评估照顾者陪同患有呼吸道感染的孩子就诊时的性别差异、他们为自己和孩子寻求医疗服务的行为以及相关的抗生素处方情况。
对日本照顾者进行了一项在线调查，询问孩子的医疗就诊情况、与呼吸道感染相关的抗菌药物处方、谁陪同孩子就诊以及照顾者自己是否同时进行了医疗就诊。我们使用多变量逻辑回归分析来评估与照顾者陪同孩子就诊以及应答者同时进行医疗就诊相关的因素。
在1664名参与者中，1091人陪同孩子进行了医疗就诊。女性应答者陪同孩子的可能性显著更高（调整后的优势比（aOR）为6.76 [95%置信区间（CI）5.00 - 9.15]，p < 0.001）。教育水平较高的参与者同时进行医疗就诊的可能性较小（aOR 0.56 [95%置信区间（CI）0.33 - 0.94]，p = 0.029）。其他协变量，包括参与者的性别，与同时进行医疗就诊没有显著关联。
女性更有可能陪同孩子去看呼吸道感染的门诊。然而，她们在同时进行医疗就诊时，需要同时就诊或接受抗生素治疗的可能性并没有更高。
