Bardaji Danae K R, Silva Nagela B S, Miranda Renata R, Martins Carlos Henrique G, Savka Michael A, Hudson André O
Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, New York 14623, United States.
Laboratory of Antimicrobial Testing, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlândia, Av. Mato Grosso, 3370 - Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais 38405-314, Brazil.
ACS Bio Med Chem Au. 2025 May 20;5(3):365-378. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.5c00069. eCollection 2025 Jun 18.
The group of bacteria known as ESKAPE: , , , , , and spp. are well recognized for their high virulence and pathogenicity, employing diverse modalities and mechanisms to resist multiple classes of clinically relevant antibiotics. Their capacity to evade treatment presents a major public health challenge, highlighting the urgent need for novel antibiotics to address the growing resistance crisis. The plant kingdom presents a promising avenue to this fight. Plants are naturally endowed with the genomic and proteomic machinery to synthesize a wide arsenal of secondary metabolites, including terpenes and terpenoids, which have demonstrated potent antimicrobial properties both as standalone agents and as synergists or enhancers of existing antibiotics. These plant-derived compounds often operate through mechanisms distinct from those of conventional antibiotics, offering a potentially effective solution against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Brazil, home to some of the richest biodiversity on the planet, boasts 46,000 recorded plant species, with 250 new species identified annually. This review delves into the methods of preparing and isolating terpenes and terpenoids from plants, explores the techniques used to assess their antibacterial activity, and highlights ongoing research using Brazilian plants to target ESKAPE pathogens. This compilation of knowledge aims to establish a pipeline for evaluating the antibacterial potential of terpenes and terpenoids, contributing to efforts addressing the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance.
被称为ESKAPE的一组细菌：粪肠球菌（Enterococcus faecalis）、金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）、肺炎克雷伯菌（Klebsiella pneumoniae）、鲍曼不动杆菌（Acinetobacter baumannii）、铜绿假单胞菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa）和阴沟肠杆菌（Enterobacter cloacae）因其高毒力和致病性而广为人知，它们采用多种方式和机制来抵抗多种临床相关抗生素。它们逃避治疗的能力对公共卫生构成了重大挑战，凸显了迫切需要新型抗生素来应对日益严重的耐药危机。植物王国为这场斗争提供了一条有希望的途径。植物天然具有基因组和蛋白质组机制，能够合成大量的次生代谢产物，包括萜类化合物和类萜，这些物质作为独立药物以及现有抗生素的增效剂或增强剂，已显示出强大的抗菌特性。这些植物衍生化合物的作用机制通常与传统抗生素不同，为对抗抗生素耐药菌提供了一种潜在的有效解决方案。巴西拥有地球上一些最丰富的生物多样性，有记录的植物物种达46000种，每年还发现250个新物种。这篇综述深入探讨了从植物中制备和分离萜类化合物和类萜的方法，探索了用于评估其抗菌活性的技术，并强调了利用巴西植物针对ESKAPE病原体的正在进行的研究。这一知识汇编旨在建立一个评估萜类化合物和类萜抗菌潜力的渠道，为应对日益严重的抗菌耐药性威胁做出贡献。
