Zanon Isabela Pádua, Campos João Victor Ferreira, Castro Yasmin Gonçalves de, Melo Isadora Maria Soares de, Aburjaile Flávia Figueira, Brenig Bertram, Azevedo Vasco, Silva Rodrigo Otávio Silveira
Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30720440, Brazil.
Institute of Veterinary Medicine, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2025 Jun 6;14(6):584. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14060584.
Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health threat. Among the most problematic pathogens are carbapenem-resistant and , which are significant causes of mortality in humans, particularly in the context of nosocomial infections. In companion animals, these bacteria have been reported mainly as colonizers of healthy animals or, less frequently, in community-acquired infections. However, no confirmed cases of healthcare-associated infections caused by these species have been documented in this population. This study reports the first confirmed fatal cases of infection with carbapenem-resistant and KPC-producing in dogs. : Three hospitalized dogs developed infections associated with distinct anatomical devices, including a venous catheter, an endotracheal tube, and a Penrose drain. Bacterial isolation followed by antimicrobial susceptibility testing identified carbapenem-resistant and . The isolates were subsequently subjected to additional antimicrobial resistance tests and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). : WGS confirmed the presence of the OXA-23 carbapenemase gene in both isolates and the KPC-2 carbapenemase gene was detected in the strain. All three strains exhibited resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes, including β-lactams (amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin, cephalotin, piperacillin-tazobactam, cefoxitin, ceftiofur, cefotaxime, ertapenem, imipenem and meropenem), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, neomycin), tetracyclines (doxycycline, tetracycline and oxytetracycline), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin), and folate pathway antagonists (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole). Multilocus sequence typing identified two high-risk clones: ST340 (CC258) and ST15 (CC15). Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis confirmed a high degree of genetic similarity between these isolates and strains previously associated with human infections in Brazil. : These findings provide the first evidence of fatal, healthcare-associated infections caused by these multidrug-resistant pathogens in dogs and underscore the need to strengthen surveillance and infection control practices in veterinary hospitals. Furthermore, the results raise concerns about the potential of companion animals to act as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant organisms of public health relevance.
抗菌药物耐药性是全球主要的健康威胁。其中最具问题的病原体是耐碳青霉烯类细菌，它们是人类死亡的重要原因，尤其是在医院感染的情况下。在伴侣动物中，这些细菌主要被报道为健康动物的定植菌，或者在社区获得性感染中较少见。然而，在这一群体中，尚未有这些菌种引起的医疗保健相关感染的确诊病例记录。本研究报告了首例犬感染耐碳青霉烯类细菌和产KPC细菌的确诊致死病例。病例：三只住院犬发生了与不同解剖器械相关的感染，包括静脉导管、气管内插管和橡皮引流管。细菌分离后进行抗菌药物敏感性测试，鉴定出耐碳青霉烯类细菌。随后对分离株进行了额外的抗菌药物耐药性测试和全基因组测序（WGS）。结果：WGS证实两种分离株中均存在OXA-23碳青霉烯酶基因，在该菌株中检测到KPC-2碳青霉烯酶基因。所有三株菌株均对多种抗菌药物类别耐药，包括β-内酰胺类（阿莫西林-克拉维酸、氨苄西林、头孢噻吩、哌拉西林-他唑巴坦、头孢西丁、头孢噻呋、头孢噻肟、厄他培南、亚胺培南和美罗培南）、氨基糖苷类（庆大霉素、新霉素）、四环素类（强力霉素、四环素和土霉素）、氟喹诺酮类（环丙沙星、恩诺沙星）和叶酸途径拮抗剂（甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑）。多位点序列分型鉴定出两个高风险克隆：肺炎克雷伯菌ST340（CC258）和大肠埃希菌ST15（CC15）。单核苷酸多态性分析证实这些分离株与巴西先前与人类感染相关的菌株之间存在高度的遗传相似性。结论：这些发现提供了首例这些多重耐药病原体在犬中引起致死性医疗保健相关感染的证据，并强调了加强兽医医院监测和感染控制措施的必要性。此外，结果引发了对伴侣动物作为具有公共卫生相关性的多重耐药生物宿主潜力的担忧。
