Mitrović Ivana, Čanak Petar, Tančić Živanov Sonja, Farkaš Hunor, Vasiljević Marko, Ćujić Svetlana, Zorić Miroslav, Mitrović Bojan
Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Slobodana Bajića 1, 11185 Belgrade, Serbia.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 May 27;11(6):416. doi: 10.3390/jof11060416.
Maize, one of the world's most important food and feed crops, is often threatened by fungal infections that not only reduce yields but also contaminate grains with harmful mycotoxins. This study evaluated the biocontrol potential of K179 as an eco-friendly alternative to synthetic fungicides for protecting maize from two major pathogens, and . K179 was cultivated in a lab-scale bioreactor, and its antifungal activity was assessed through in vitro inhibition assays and two-year field trials. During the field trial, maize ear disease severity, yield, and mycotoxin levels in maize samples were monitored to assess the efficacy of the produced biopreparation. In laboratory tests, K179 significantly inhibited both target pathogens. Field trials demonstrated that seed treatments with the bioagent reduced ear rot severity and increased grain yield compared to untreated and chemically treated controls. Notably, maize samples from -treated plots contained lower concentrations of key mycotoxins, including fumonisins and aflatoxins. These findings highlight the usefulness of K179 in integrated pest management strategies, offering a sustainable solution that enhances crop safety and productivity while mitigating the environmental risks associated with chemical fungicides.
玉米是世界上最重要的粮食和饲料作物之一，经常受到真菌感染的威胁，真菌感染不仅会降低产量，还会使谷物被有害的霉菌毒素污染。本研究评估了K179作为合成杀菌剂的环保替代品，对保护玉米免受两种主要病原体侵害的生物防治潜力。K179在实验室规模的生物反应器中培养，并通过体外抑制试验和为期两年的田间试验评估其抗真菌活性。在田间试验期间，监测玉米穗部病害严重程度、产量以及玉米样品中的霉菌毒素水平，以评估所生产生物制剂的功效。在实验室测试中，K179显著抑制了两种目标病原体。田间试验表明，与未处理和化学处理的对照相比，用该生物制剂进行种子处理可降低穗腐病严重程度并提高谷物产量。值得注意的是，来自用该生物制剂处理地块的玉米样品中关键霉菌毒素的浓度较低，包括伏马菌素和黄曲霉毒素。这些发现突出了K179在综合虫害管理策略中的作用，提供了一种可持续的解决方案，既能提高作物安全性和生产力，又能减轻与化学杀菌剂相关的环境风险。
