Kim Seung Hwan, Lee Younmi, Balaraju Kotnala, Jeon Yongho
Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea.
Agricultural Science & Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jul 14;14:1201875. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1201875. eCollection 2023.
Anthracnose disease is a serious threat to red pepper crops in Korea and many other countries, resulting in considerable yield losses. There are now no effective control techniques available except for fungicide sprays, which may directly impact consumers. This study aims to investigate the biological activity of isolates in controlling red pepper anthracnose caused by and in the field. Out of 11 isolates screened for biocontrol agents against three fungal pathogens, including ; two effective isolates, ATR697 (ATR697) and LON701 (LON701) were selected for further investigation. Using the overlapping plates experiment, it was discovered that the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by ATR697 strongly inhibited mycelial growth to a larger extent than the isolate LON701. A cellophane membrane experiment has shown that mycelial growth of was inhibited by 36% and 27% when treated with ATR697 and LON701, respectively. Culture filtrates (CFs) of two isolates inhibited the mycelial growth of . When red peppers were treated with spore suspensions of LON701 and ATR697, the disease severity (%) was 44.1% and 55.8%, respectively, in a curative method; while the disease severity (%) was 5% and 11.6%, in LON701- and ATR697-treated red peppers, respectively, in a preventive method. These results showed the suppression of disease severity (%) was relatively higher in the preventive method than in the curative method. Furthermore, isolates ATR697 and LON701 were resistant to commercial chemical fungicides , indicating these strains may also be used synergistically with a chemical fungicide (pyraclostrobin) against the growth of . There was no difference in the inhibition rate (%) of the pathogen between the treatment with LON701 alone and LON701+pyraclostrobin. Based on findings, ATR697 and LON701 played a role in effectively controlling red pepper anthracnose in field conditions, with LON701 treatment resulting in a disease rate of 14% when compared to ATR697, chemical, and non-treated controls. Overall, our study showed the ability of isolates to control red pepper anthracnose and their potential to develop as novel biocontrol agents to replace chemical fungicides for eco-friendly, sustainable agriculture.
炭疽病对韩国及许多其他国家的红辣椒作物构成严重威胁，会导致产量大幅损失。目前除了喷洒杀菌剂外没有有效的防治技术，而喷洒杀菌剂可能会直接影响消费者。本研究旨在调查[具体菌种名称未给出]分离株在控制由[具体菌种名称未给出]引起的红辣椒炭疽病方面的生物活性以及在田间的防治效果。在筛选针对包括[具体菌种名称未给出]在内的三种真菌病原体的生物防治剂的11株[具体菌种名称未给出]分离株中，选择了两株有效的[具体菌种名称未给出]分离株，即ATR697（ATR697）和LON701（LON701）进行进一步研究。通过重叠平板实验发现，ATR697产生的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）比LON701分离株更能强烈抑制[具体菌种名称未给出]的菌丝生长。一项玻璃纸膜实验表明，用ATR697和LON701处理时，[具体菌种名称未给出]的菌丝生长分别受到36%和27%的抑制。两株[具体菌种名称未给出]分离株的培养滤液（CFs）抑制了[具体菌种名称未给出]的菌丝生长。当用LON701和ATR697的孢子悬浮液处理红辣椒时，在治疗方法中，病害严重程度（%）分别为44.1%和55.8%；而在预防方法中，经LON701和ATR697处理的红辣椒病害严重程度（%）分别为5%和11.6%。这些结果表明，预防方法对病害严重程度（%）的抑制作用相对高于治疗方法。此外，[具体菌种名称未给出]分离株ATR697和LON701对市售化学杀菌剂[具体杀菌剂名称未给出]具有抗性，这表明这些菌株也可与化学杀菌剂（吡唑醚菌酯）协同使用来抑制[具体菌种名称未给出]的生长。单独使用LON701与LON701 + 吡唑醚菌酯处理对病原体的抑制率（%）没有差异。基于这些发现，ATR697和LON701在田间条件下对有效控制红辣椒炭疽病发挥了作用，与ATR697、化学药剂和未处理对照相比，LON701处理的发病率为14%。总体而言，我们的研究表明[具体菌种名称未给出]分离株有控制红辣椒炭疽病的能力，并且它们有潜力发展成为新型生物防治剂，以取代化学杀菌剂用于生态友好型可持续农业。
