Li Binghan, Liu Yue, Mao Aihua, Hu Zhong, Li Jin
Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resource Conservation, China West Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanchong 637002, China.
College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jun 13;11(6):452. doi: 10.3390/jof11060452.
In recent years, there has been extensive documentation of pathogenic fungi infecting . However, investigations of microorganisms with antagonistic properties against these pathogens are limited. This study successfully isolated two isolates of the genus (F16 and F19) from the rhizosphere soil of fruiting bodies, both of which exhibit potent antagonistic activity against , the causative agent of wilt disease. Comprehensive characterization, including physiological-biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, led to the identification of these isolates as sp. F16 and sp. F19. Both isolates significantly inhibited through multiple mechanisms. The volatile compounds produced by these isolates effectively suppressed the conidial germination of in vitro. Furthermore, fermentation filtrates at various dilutions exhibited pronounced antifungal activity against conidial germination, with sp. F16 showing 66.93% inhibition at a 50× dilution and sp. F19 achieving 49.22% inhibition under identical conditions. Field experiments have demonstrated the practical applicability of these antagonists. The topical application of fermentation filtrates (diluted 50×) from both isolates significantly reduced the incidence and severity of disease in cultivation. Notably, the yield improvements were substantial: fields treated with sp. F16 produced 299.6 g/m, whereas those treated with sp. F19 yielded 277.65 g/m. These yields significantly surpassed those of both the untreated control group (231 g/m) and the -inoculated group (134.93 g/m). These findings indicate that the two isolates not only effectively control but also increase the yield of .
近年来，已有大量关于致病真菌感染的文献记载。然而，针对这些病原体具有拮抗特性的微生物的研究却很有限。本研究成功地从子实体根际土壤中分离出两株 属菌株（F16和F19），它们对枯萎病的病原菌 均表现出强大的拮抗活性。通过包括生理生化测试和16S rDNA序列分析在内的综合表征，这些菌株被鉴定为 sp. F16和 sp. F19。两株菌株均通过多种机制显著抑制 。这些菌株产生的挥发性化合物在体外有效抑制了 的分生孢子萌发。此外，不同稀释度的发酵滤液对分生孢子萌发表现出显著的抗真菌活性，在50倍稀释时， sp. F16的抑制率为66.93%， sp. F19在相同条件下的抑制率为49.22%。田间试验证明了这些拮抗剂的实际应用价值。两种菌株发酵滤液（50倍稀释）的局部施用显著降低了 栽培中疾病的发病率和严重程度。值得注意的是，产量提高显著：用 sp. F16处理的田地产量为299.6克/平方米，而用 sp. F19处理的田地产量为277.65克/平方米。这些产量显著超过未处理对照组（231克/平方米）和接种 组（134.93克/平方米）。这些发现表明，这两株菌株不仅能有效控制 ，还能提高 的产量。
