Calumby Rodrigo José Nunes, Santone Antonella, Butassi Estefanía, Svetaz Laura Andrea, Melhem Márcia de Souza Carvalho, Rius Sebastián Pablo, Campos-Bermudez Valeria Alina
Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Área Farmacognosia, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, Rosario S2002LRK, Santa Fe, Argentina.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jun 17;11(6):457. doi: 10.3390/jof11060457.
spp. produce diverse secondary metabolites with biological activity. This study explored the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties of metabolites from two native strains, 10BR1 and UEPA AR12, isolated from rhizospheric soils. Organic extracts from both strains demonstrated broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, inhibiting Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as various species, with notable efficacy against (MICs: 15.6-31.25 µg/mL). The extracts also showed antibiofilm activity, with UEPA AR12 exhibiting the highest inhibition against (81.8%), (92.8%), (87.9%), and (89.3%). Antioxidant activity, assessed via DPPH assay, revealed a dose-dependent radical scavenging effect (12.88% to 39.67% at 7.8-1000 µg/mL). Cytotoxicity assays indicated that UEPA AR12 extracts were more cytotoxic (IC: 202.5-234.3 µg/mL) than 10BR1 (IC: 368.7-602.1 µg/mL) in non-tumor cells, with similar trends in tumor cells (Huh7). HPLC/MS analysis identified 21 metabolites in the extracts. Genomic analyses, supported by gene and phylogenetic clustering, confirmed that both strains were . FUNGISMASH revealed multiple biosynthetic gene clusters, predominantly Type I polyketide synthase (T1PKS). Additionally, targeted genomic analyses did not detect mycotoxin-related genes. These findings highlight the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and antioxidant potentials of these strains, positioning them as sources of bioactive metabolites for pharmaceutical applications.
某些物种产生具有生物活性的多种次生代谢产物。本研究探索了从根际土壤中分离出的两株本地菌株10BR1和UEPA AR12的代谢产物的抗菌、抗生物膜、抗氧化和细胞毒性特性。来自这两株菌株的有机提取物表现出广谱抗菌活性，能抑制革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌以及多种物种，对[具体物种未提及]有显著疗效（最低抑菌浓度：15.6 - 31.25微克/毫升）。提取物还显示出抗生物膜活性，其中UEPA AR12对[具体物种未提及]（81.8%）、[具体物种未提及]（92.8%）、[具体物种未提及]（87.9%）和[具体物种未提及]（89.3%）表现出最高抑制率。通过DPPH测定评估的抗氧化活性显示出剂量依赖性的自由基清除作用（在7.8 - 1000微克/毫升时为12.88%至39.67%）。细胞毒性测定表明，在非肿瘤细胞中，UEPA AR12提取物比10BR1（半数抑制浓度：368.7 - 602.1微克/毫升）更具细胞毒性（半数抑制浓度：202.5 - 234.3微克/毫升），在肿瘤细胞（Huh7）中也有类似趋势。HPLC/MS分析在提取物中鉴定出21种代谢产物。在基因和系统发育聚类的支持下进行的基因组分析证实，这两株菌株均为[具体菌种未提及]。FUNGISMASH揭示了多个生物合成基因簇，主要是I型聚酮合酶（T1PKS）。此外，靶向基因组分析未检测到与霉菌毒素相关的基因。这些发现突出了这些菌株的抗菌、抗生物膜和抗氧化潜力，使其成为制药应用中生物活性代谢产物的来源。
