Yang Yang, Huang Jingjing, Dong Gangqiang, Hu Xuebo
Institute for Medicinal Plants, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Innovation Academy of International Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jun 18;11(6):461. doi: 10.3390/jof11060461.
, a model species in the genus Cordyceps, is widely distributed globally and is known for its significant medicinal value. It has been traditionally used in Chinese medicine to enhance immunity, alleviate fatigue, and treat tumors, among other therapeutic purposes. Here, we successfully assembled a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) level genome of CH1 using PacBio HiFi and Hi-C technologies. The assembled genome is 32.67 Mb in size, with an N50 of 4.70 Mb. Gene prediction revealed a total of 10,749 predicted genes in the CH1 genome, with a gene completeness of 99.20%. Phylogenetic analysis showed the evolutionary relationship between CH1 and other species, suggesting that the divergence between this strain and ATCC 34164 occurred approximately 1.36 Mya. Combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses identified 842 differentially expressed genes and 2052 metabolites that were significantly altered under light stress, primarily involving key pathways related to amino acid metabolism, purine metabolism, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Joint analysis of genes and metabolites revealed 79 genes coding for enzymes associated with the synthesis of adenine and adenosine, with the expression of 52 genes being upregulated, consistent with the accumulation trends of adenine and adenosine. Four gene clusters related to the synthesis of cordycepin were identified, with a significant upregulation of cns3 (), suggesting that light stress may promote cordycepin biosynthesis. This comprehensive analysis not only provides new insights into the genomics, metabolomics, and functional gene research of CH1 but also offers a potential biological foundation for understanding the synthesis mechanisms of cordycepin and its efficient production.
作为虫草属的模式物种，在全球广泛分布，以其显著的药用价值而闻名。传统上，它在中国医学中被用于增强免疫力、缓解疲劳和治疗肿瘤等多种治疗目的。在此，我们利用PacBio HiFi和Hi-C技术成功组装了CH1的端粒到端粒（T2T）水平的基因组。组装后的基因组大小为32.67 Mb，N50为4.70 Mb。基因预测显示CH1基因组中共有10749个预测基因，基因完整性为99.20%。系统发育分析显示了CH1与其他物种之间的进化关系，表明该菌株与ATCC 34164之间的分化大约发生在136万年前。结合转录组学和代谢组学分析，确定了842个差异表达基因和2052种在光胁迫下显著改变的代谢物，主要涉及与氨基酸代谢、嘌呤代谢和次生代谢物生物合成相关的关键途径。基因和代谢物的联合分析揭示了79个编码与腺嘌呤和腺苷合成相关酶的基因，其中52个基因的表达上调，与腺嘌呤和腺苷的积累趋势一致。鉴定出四个与虫草素合成相关的基因簇，cns3（）显著上调，表明光胁迫可能促进虫草素的生物合成。这项综合分析不仅为CH1的基因组学、代谢组学和功能基因研究提供了新的见解，也为理解虫草素的合成机制及其高效生产提供了潜在的生物学基础。
