Li Wenjing, Chen Minyou, Zhang Lingli
School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK.
College of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
Biomolecules. 2025 May 26;15(6):765. doi: 10.3390/biom15060765.
Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are the key to muscle regeneration. The activation and maintenance of MuSCs require the precise regulation of their microenvironments. Myofibers and other cells including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and immune cell populations constitute the cell components of the MuSC niche. The communication between these cell populations and MuSCs play an essential role in muscle repair. Furthermore, the physical and chemical stimulations around MuSCs also affect the cell behaviors of MuSCs. Extracellular matrix (ECM) and the factors stored in it generate a repair-promoting niche for efficient muscle regeneration. Understanding the mechanism of muscle stem cell regulation is the basis of clinically optimizing muscle repair. In this review, we discuss recent findings about the microenvironments of MuSCs and their functions in muscle regeneration, which would shed light on new targets and strategies for muscle injury treatment.
肌肉干细胞（MuSCs）是肌肉再生的关键。MuSCs的激活和维持需要对其微环境进行精确调控。肌纤维以及包括内皮细胞、成纤维细胞和免疫细胞群体在内的其他细胞构成了MuSC生态位的细胞成分。这些细胞群体与MuSCs之间的通讯在肌肉修复中起着至关重要的作用。此外，MuSCs周围的物理和化学刺激也会影响MuSCs的细胞行为。细胞外基质（ECM）及其储存的因子为高效的肌肉再生产生一个促进修复的生态位。了解肌肉干细胞调控机制是临床上优化肌肉修复的基础。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了关于MuSCs微环境及其在肌肉再生中的功能的最新发现，这将为肌肉损伤治疗的新靶点和新策略提供线索。
