Governini Laura, Haxhiu Alesandro, Shaba Enxhi, Vantaggiato Lorenza, Mori Alessia, Bruttini Marco, Loria Francesca, Zarovni Natasa, Piomboni Paola, Landi Claudia, Luddi Alice
Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Functional Proteomics Lab, Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Biomolecules. 2025 Jun 7;15(6):836. doi: 10.3390/biom15060836.
Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) from seminal plasma have achieved attention due to their potential physiopathological role in male reproductive systems. This study employed a comprehensive proteomic and transcriptomic approach to investigate the composition and molecular signatures of EVs isolated from human seminal plasma. EVs from Normozoospermic (NORMO), OligoAsthenoTeratozoospermic (OAT), and Azoospermic (AZO) subjects were isolated using a modified polymer precipitation-based protocol and characterized for size and morphology. Comprehensive proteomic analysis, using both gel-free and gel-based approaches, revealed distinct protein profiles in each group (<0.01), highlighting potential molecules and pathways involved in sperm function and fertility. The data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD051361 and PXD051390, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed the trend of a general downregulation of AZO and OAT compared to NORMO shedding light on regulatory mechanisms of sperm development. Bioinformatic tools were applied for functional omics analysis; the integration of proteomic and transcriptomic data provided a comprehensive understanding of the cargo content and regulatory networks present in EVs. This study contributes to elucidating the key role of EVs in the paracrine communication regulating spermatogenesis. A full understanding of these pathways not only suggests potential mechanisms regulating male fertility but also offers new insights into the development of diagnostic tools targeting male reproductive disorders.
来自精浆的细胞外囊泡（EVs）因其在男性生殖系统中的潜在生理病理作用而受到关注。本研究采用综合蛋白质组学和转录组学方法，研究从人类精浆中分离的细胞外囊泡的组成和分子特征。使用基于改良聚合物沉淀的方案，从正常精子症（NORMO）、少弱畸精子症（OAT）和无精子症（AZO）患者中分离出细胞外囊泡，并对其大小和形态进行表征。使用无凝胶和基于凝胶的方法进行的综合蛋白质组学分析揭示了每组中不同的蛋白质谱（<0.01），突出了参与精子功能和生育能力的潜在分子和途径。这些数据分别通过ProteomeXchange获得，标识符为PXD051361和PXD051390。转录组学分析证实，与NORMO相比，AZO和OAT普遍下调，揭示了精子发育的调控机制。应用生物信息学工具进行功能组学分析；蛋白质组学和转录组学数据的整合提供了对细胞外囊泡中货物含量和调控网络的全面理解。本研究有助于阐明细胞外囊泡在旁分泌通讯调节精子发生中的关键作用。对这些途径的全面理解不仅提示了调节男性生育能力的潜在机制，还为开发针对男性生殖障碍的诊断工具提供了新的见解。
