细胞外囊泡和纳米颗粒：不断涌现的复杂性。
Extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles: emerging complexities.
机构信息
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
出版信息
Trends Cell Biol. 2023 Aug;33(8):667-681. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2023.01.002. Epub 2023 Feb 1.
Abstract
The study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and nanoparticles (NPs) is rapidly expanding because recent discoveries have revealed a much greater complexity and diversity than was appreciated only a few years ago. New types of EVs and NPs have recently been described. Proteins and nucleic acids previously thought to be packaged in exosomes appear to be more enriched in different types of EVs and in two recently identified amembranous NPs, exomeres and supermeres. Thus, our understanding of the cell biology and intercellular communication facilitated by the release of EVs and NPs is in a state of flux. In this review, we describe the different types of EVs and NPs, highlight recent advances, and present major outstanding questions.
摘要
细胞外囊泡（EVs）和纳米颗粒（NPs）的研究正在迅速扩展，因为最近的发现揭示了比几年前人们所理解的更大的复杂性和多样性。最近已经描述了新类型的 EVs 和 NPs。以前认为被包裹在外泌体中的蛋白质和核酸似乎在不同类型的 EVs 中和最近鉴定的两种膜状 NPs（外粒体和超粒体）中更为丰富。因此，我们对 EVs 和 NPs 释放所促进的细胞生物学和细胞间通讯的理解处于不断变化的状态。在这篇综述中，我们描述了不同类型的 EVs 和 NPs，强调了最近的进展，并提出了主要的未解决问题。
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