Ardó László, Sándor Zsuzsanna J, Orbán Márton, Szakáli János, Biró Janka, Szűcs Anita Annamária, Kovács Gyula, Lévai Michelle, Gregosits Balázs, Brlás-Molnár Zsuzsanna, Békefi Emese
Research Centre for Fisheries and Aquaculture, Hungarian University of Agricultural and Life Sciences (MATE), Anna Liget. u. 35, 5540 Szarvas, Hungary.
Vitafort First Hungarian Feed Production and Distribution Zrt., Szabadság u. 3., 2370 Dabas, Hungary.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Jun 17;15(12):1776. doi: 10.3390/ani15121776.
A 7-week feeding trial was conducted with Nile tilapia juveniles with an average body weight of 143.5 ± 3.1 g in a cage system in order to test the effect of different feed additives on growth performance, antioxidant defense system, and immune status of fish. For this reason, experimental diets were formulated with inclusion of two different additives containing bioactive compounds, namely in 3.5% (diet EXP-A) and black soldier fly larvae meal (diet EXP-I) in 3.5%, and compared with a diet supplemented with a mixture of two different commercial compounds (Yang and Syrena Boost) in 0.4% (diet EXP-S). As a negative control, a commercially available feed (Nongteng, Laos) for tilapia was selected. At the end of the feeding trial, production parameters and expression of genes related to the antioxidant defense system and innate immune response were studied. Furthermore, following the feeding, air exposure stress for 5 min was administered to the fish, and similar parameters were assessed. Results indicated that all diets promoted adequate fish growth (SGR 1.67-1.81 g day) and feed utilization (FCR 1.29-1.57 g g) with no significant ( < 0.05) differences in these parameters between the dietary fish groups. Expression of genes , , and significantly increased in the liver samples of the EXP-A group at the end of feeding. Following air exposure, the EXP-A group maintained a significantly higher level of antioxidant-related gene expression compared to other treatments. Subsequently, upregulation was observed in the EXP-S group in the post-stress stage compared to pre-stress. Based on our results, we recommend the inclusion of any of the tested additives at the evaluated doses to enhance the non-specific immune response of Nile tilapia. Additionally, at a 3.5% inclusion level can be used to further improve antioxidant defense capacity.
为了测试不同饲料添加剂对尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、抗氧化防御系统和免疫状态的影响，在网箱系统中对平均体重为143.5±3.1克的尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼进行了为期7周的饲养试验。因此，实验饲料的配方中包含两种不同的含生物活性化合物的添加剂，即3.5%的（饲料EXP-A）和3.5%的黑水虻幼虫粉（饲料EXP-I），并与添加0.4%的两种不同商业化合物混合物（Yang和Syrena Boost）的饲料（饲料EXP-S）进行比较。作为阴性对照，选择了一种市售的罗非鱼饲料（老挝农腾）。在饲养试验结束时，研究了生产参数以及与抗氧化防御系统和先天免疫反应相关的基因表达。此外，饲养后，对鱼施加5分钟的空气暴露应激，并评估类似参数。结果表明，所有饲料都促进了鱼的充分生长（特定生长率为1.67-1.81克/天）和饲料利用（饲料转化率为1.29-1.57克/克），各饲料组之间在这些参数上没有显著差异（<0.05）。饲养结束时，EXP-A组肝脏样本中的基因、和的表达显著增加。空气暴露后，与其他处理相比，EXP-A组的抗氧化相关基因表达水平显著更高。随后，与应激前相比，EXP-S组在应激后阶段观察到上调。根据我们的结果，我们建议以评估剂量添加任何一种测试添加剂，以增强尼罗罗非鱼的非特异性免疫反应。此外，3.5%的添加水平可用于进一步提高抗氧化防御能力。
